Electron configuration and

TABLE 4.1 Electronic Configuration and Properties of the Elements Continued)... 

The most common oxidation states, corresponding electronic configurations, and coordination geometries of iridium are +1 (t5 ) usually square plane although some five-coordinate complexes are known, and +3 (t7 ) and +4 (t5 ), both octahedral. Compounds ia every oxidation state between —1 and +6 (<5 ) are known. Iridium compounds are used primarily to model more active rhodium catalysts. 

Table 9. Electronic Configurations and Energetics of Free Plutonium Atom and lons ...

Chemical appHcations of Mn ssbauer spectroscopy are broad (291—293) determination of electron configurations and assignment of oxidation states in stmctural chemistry polymer properties studies of surface chemistry, corrosion, and catalysis and metal-atom bonding in biochemical systems. There are also important appHcations to materials science and metallurgy (294,295) (see Surface and interface analysis). 

Uranium is the fourth element of the actinide (SJ series. In the actinide series the electrons are more effectively shielded by the Is and 7p electrons relative to the 4f electrons (shielded by 6s, 6p) in the lanthanide (4p series. Thus, there is a greater spatial extension of 5f orbitals for actinides than 4f orbitals for lanthanides. This results in a small energy difference between and 5/ 6d7s electronic configurations, and a wider range of oxidation states is... 

The complex interplay of physicochemical and biological charactenstics that regulate the all important rate at which fluorocarbons may migrate within and finally leave the body, through the lungs and the skin, is not yet completely understood Certainly, variables are involved, such as vapor pressure, solubility m body tissues, molecular size and shape, lipid solubility, electron configuration, and critical soluQon temperatures [16, 17]... 

In so far as the chemical (and physical) properties of an element derive from its electronic configuration, and especially the configuration of its least tightly bound electrons, it follows that chemical periodicity and the form of the periodic table can be elegantly interpreted in terms of electronic structure. 

Table 14.4 Effect of electron configuration and charge on the bond properties of dioxygen species...

Reality Check To construct an orbital diagram, start with the electron configuration and apply Hund s rule. 

Give the electron configuration and/or orbital diagram of a transition metal cation. 

Molten salts are characterized by the formation of discrete complex ions that are subjected to coordination phenomenon. Such complex ions have specific compositions that are related to the rearrangement of their electronic configuration and to the formation of partially covalent bonds. The life time of the coordinated ions is longer than the contact period of the individual ions [293]. 

Answer the following in terms of electron configuration and ionization energy ... 

On the basis of the electron configurations and positions in the periodic table, answer the following questions. 

Figure 2. New proposed form of the periodic table based on symmetry of electronic configurations and quantum numbers.

So what are we to make of the daim that the periodic table has now been explained in terms of electronic configurations and the number of outer-shell electrons possessed by atoms of the elements Perhaps the best way to answer this question is to admit that the explanation is approximate and that a number of objections can be raised to it. 

Vanquickenbome, L. G. Pierloot, K. Devoghel, D., Electronic Configurations and Orbital Energies, Inorganic Chemistry, 1989 28 1805-1813, 1989. 

Like palladium(II) and platinum(II), gold(III) has the d8 electronic configuration and is, therefore, expected to form square planar complexes. The d-orbital sequence for complexes like AuC14 is dx2 yi dxy > dvz, dxz > dzi in practice in a complex, most of these will have some ligand character. 

The loose connection between electron configuration and the chemical behaviour of the heavy elements (transuranics). C. K. Jorgensen, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 1973,12,12-19 (73). 

The ground-state electron configurations tor Cr and Cu are not those predicted by the building-up principle. Give their actual electron configurations and explain what causes them to deviate from the expected configuration. 

Give the ground-state electron configuration and number of unpaired electrons expected for each of the following ions ... 

The atomic numbers (Z), electronic configurations, and numbers of unpaired electrons for five ions are listed in the following table. Assume that all unpaired electrons have parallel spins. Indicate the element symbol, charge, and energy state (that is, ground state or excited state) for each of the five cases. 

HOWTO DETERMINE THE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION AND BOND ORDER OF A HOMONUCLEAR DIATOMIC SPECIES... 

Self-Tfst 3.10A Deduce the electron configuration and bond order of the ion C22. ... 

Give the valence-shell electron configurations and bond orders for CO and CO+. Use that information to predict which species has the greater bond enthalpy. 

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