Electromagnetic radiation collimated

All spectrometers have the following basic units a source of electromagnetic radiation, a dispersion device, sample holder, optical devices for collimating and focusing, a detection device and a data readout or storage system. There are also a variety of ways in which these parts are assembled into the entire spectrometer. 

Within the typical spectrometer there is need to collimate electromagnetic radiation into parallel light rays, light needs to be redirected and... 

The interaction of ionizing electromagnetic radiation with matter is different from the processes previously mentioned, and the concept of ranges and specific ionization loss cannot be applied. Only the three most important absorption processes are considered the photoelectric effect, the Compton effect, and the pair-production effect. The corpuscular description of electromagnetic radiation is the most appropriate for these effects, as one photon in a well-collimated beam of photons disappears at each interaction. The attenuation of the photon beam can be described by a simple exponential law... 

Absorption coefficient (a) - The relative decrease in the intensity of a collimated beam of electromagnetic radiation, as a result of absorption by a medium, during traversal of an infinitesimal layer of the medium, divided by the length traversed. [1]... 

Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation, that is, it can be described as an electromagnetic wave [1, 2]. Neglecting lateral boundaries, a collimated beam of monochromatic light can be described as a planar wave. The electric field vector of this wave as a function of position and time is Equation 16.1 ... 

Absorption coefficient (a) - The relative decrease in the intensity of a collimated beam of electromagnetic radiation, as a result of absorption by a medium, during travers2d of an infinitesimal layer of the medium, divided by the length traversed. [1] Absorption coefficient, molar (e) - Absorption coefficient divided by amount-of-substance concentration of the absorbing material in the sample solution (e = ale). The SI unit is vA mol. Also called extinction coefficient, but usu2Jly in units of moFMm cm [2]... 

Fig. 11.1. Principle of the nonlinear Thomson scattering X-ray source. The nonlinear motion of the free plasma electrons oscillating in the strong electromagnetic laser held (ao) produces high harmonics of the fundamental laser light that can reach the X-ray spectral range. As ao is increased, the radiation becomes more collimated...

Figure 8.47 Principle of Mossbauer spectroscopy. An electromagnetic drive system (EDS) moves the energy source (Sj towards and awayficm the absorber (A) with a constant velocity 8. Transmitted radiation is measured by the proportional counter (Z). lead collimators (C) dejme beam geometry.

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