Electromagnetic Radiation and Toxic Exposure

The effects ascribed to only EMR are briefly mentioned, but are not discussed in detail. Thousands of learned articles on this subject have been published in print journals and on the Internet. 

EMR is not a chemical per se, and the following sections that discuss mixtures of EMR and toxic chemicals do not mean to imply so. What is meant here by the term mixture of EMR and toxic chemicals is the simultaneous (or close in time) exposure to EMR and a xenobiotic chemical. The interaction between the xenobiotic species can occur in one of three different ways. 

EMR activates the xenobiotic to a form that reacts with endogenous molecules. 

Both the endogenous molecule and the xenobiotic are activated by EMR and reaction between the activated species occurs. 

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It is universally accepted that ionizing and UV electromagnetic radiation induce toxic effects in man. It has been shown above that these toxic effects are exacerbated when irradiation is coupled with xenobiotic exposure. Conversely, the toxic effects of xenobiotic exposure are enhanced by simultaneous exposure to ionizing or UV radiation. 

Sunlight and other sources of nonionizing electromagnetic radiation can affect foods. For example, it has been shown that sodium nitrite, sodium nitrate, sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, and benzoic acid exhibit additive photogenotoxic effects on Escherichia coli, causing increased mutations upon exposure to sunlight. I76l Such effects potentially increase the toxic risks associated with food additives. 

Radiations from nuclear source/electromagnetic source Noise and vibration Material mismatch Reactions Exothermic/endothermic Corrosive and toxic material exposure Loss of containment for liquids and gases Fire and explosion Biological... 

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