Electrolytes, Metals and Ionic Bonding

Try this short test. If you score more than 80 % you can use the chapter as a revision of your knowledge. If you score less than 80 % you probably need to work through the text and test yourself again at the end using the same test. If you still score less than 80% then come back to the chapter after a few days and read again. 

If an element is in group 1 of the periodic table how many electrons will it have in its outermost shell (1) 

Chemistry An Introduction for Medical and Health Sciences, A. Jones 2005 John Wiley Sons, Ltd 

What happens to the electrons of sodium when it reacts with chlorine to 

A solution conducts electricity. Does it contain a covalent or an ionic 

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Due to the difference in the atomic structure of Mg and Ca, it is impossible to form Grignard-type reagents with Ca (all the bonds of this metal are ionic in nature). Consequently, it is impossible to regard Ca as a potential anode material in rechargeable batteries, and hence, the interest in Ca/organic electrolyte systems is limited. 

Owing to the fact that valence electrons determine bonds, the electrical properties of a material are related to the bond type. In conductors such as metals, alloys, and intermetallics, the atoms are bound to each other primarily by metallic bonds, and metals such as tungsten or aluminum are good conductors of electrons or heat. Covalent bonds occur in insulators such as diamond and silicon carbide and in semiconductors such as silicon or gallium arsenide. Complexes and salts have ions that are bound with electrostatic forces. Ionic conductors can be used as solid electrolytes for fuel cells because solids with ionic bonds may have mobile ions. Most polymers have covalent bonds in their chains but the mechanical... 

Ionic bonding occurs between a metal and a nonmetal. Covalent bonding, on the other hand, occurs between two nonmetals. The properties of these two types of compounds are different. Ionic compounds are usually solids at room temperature, while covalently bonded compounds can be solids, liquids, or gases. There s more. Ionic compounds (salts) usually have a much higher melting point than covalent compounds. In addition, ionic compounds tend to be electrolytes, and covalent compounds tend to be nonelectrol5rtes. (Chapter 6 explains all about ionic bonds, electrolytes, and nonelectrol3rtes.)... 

It is to be expected that the conduction data for ceramic oxides would follow the same trends as those found in semiconductors, i.e. the more ionic the metal-oxygen bond, the more the oxides behave like insulators or solid electrolytes having a large band gap between the valence electrons and holes, and... 

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