Electroforming processes

Zinc electrodes for secondary silver-zinc batteries are made by one of three general methods the dry-powder process, the slurry-pasted process, or the electroformed process The active material used in any of the processes for the manufacture of electrodes is a finely divided zinc oxide powder, USP grade 12. 

A 7] The fiber-coupled spectrometer is actually designed for applications with hand-held devices. A combination of micro injection molding and an electroforming process allows the production of a high-performance but low-cost device. The optical grating is, for example, replicated in plastic to reduce costs. 

The electroforming process is used for the production of single or low numbers of cavities, as opposed to others requiring many cavities. The process deposits metal on a master in a plating bath. Many proprietary processes exist. The master can be constructed of such materials as plastic, reinforced plastic, plaster, or concrete that is coated with silver to provide a conductive coating. The coated master is placed in a plating tank and nickel or nickel-cobalt is deposited to the desired thickness of up to about 0.64 cm (0.25 in.). With this method, a hardness of up to 46 RC is obtainable. To reinforce the nickel shell it is backed up with different materials (copper, plastic, etc.) to meet different applications. A sufficient thickness of copper allows for machining a flat surface to enable the cavity to be mounted into a cavity pocket. 

In order to determine if some of these improvements to the electroforming process are necessary, either additional rejection rate information must be obtained so that predictive models can be developed or more sensitive assays must be developed, which will be capable of measuring contaminants such as Th at our goal of less than 1 microBq/kg Th (0.25 X 10 g/g Cu). We plan to resume our work determining the rejection values using... 

The simplest electroforming process is that for manufacturing metal foil and the system is sketched in Fig. 8.2. The mandrel is a slowly rotating metal cylinder and the cell has a conforming anode so that the inter-electrode gap is constant. The anode may be dissolving pellets or rods or may be an inert electrode. The foil is separated from the mandrel by a knife system and is then passed through a roller system which keeps it taut. 

Eigure 1 presents a simplified schematic for the fabrication process of the proposed LIGA-Uke technique in SU-8 epoxy resin. Briefiy, a substrate is firstly coated with metal seed layers for the electroforming process (Fig. la). A chromium or titanium layer with a thickness of several hundred angstroms is usually used as the adhesion layer. A gold or copper seed layer of several micrometers in thickness is then deposited on the adhesion layer to be the bottom... 

Figure 1 presents a simplified schematic for the fabrication process of the proposed LIGA-like technique in SU-8 epoxy resin. Briefly, a substrate is firstly coated with metal seed layers for the electroforming process (Fig. la). 

In the electroforming process a thick deposit of metal is electroplated on to a mould, which itiay be of metal or other material (such as... 

Figure 1. A flow diagram of fabrication process of a metallic nanostamper. In this process, a polymeric master, instead of an E-beam patterned silicon master, was used as the master for the electroforming process.

---