Electrode Processing Impact of Material Size

The amount of binder has also to be adjusted according to this large surface area to obtain the desired flexibility and electrode cohesion. More binder is necessary and can result in lower energy density. 

When dealing with nanomaterials one has also to pay a particular attention to moisture, since these compounds can be very hygroscopic. Moisture is known to react with the electrol5d e and form HF which can seriously lower battery life. It is also more difficult to remove moisture from nanopowders when compared to micron sized particles. For instance it has been demonstrated that two days of drying at 120°C under vacuum is necessary to obtain optimal impedance of acethylene black and LiFeP04 when only half a day under the same condition is enough for micron sized nickel cobalt aluminium (NCA) cathode. 

Finally more surface area means more passivation layer on the electrodes. Indeed the solid electrol5rte interphase (SEI) due to 

Because of its very large theoretical capacity (3850 mAh/g) silicon has been extensively studied as a graphite anode replacement in Li-ion batteries. 

However this extraordinary capacity comes at the price of a nearly 300% volume expansion during Li insertion leading to Li3, 75SL Using nanosilicon allows better cycle life since cracks are less likely to propagate in the smaller particles. 

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