Electrochemical synthesis galvanostatic

Nanocrystalline cerium (IV) oxide powders with an average particle size of 10 -14 nm have been prepared by the cathodic base electrogeneration method.The nanocrystallinc CeO powders are prepared in the cathode compartment of a divided electrochemical cell. The cathode is a platinum wire and the anode is a platinum mesh electrode. The cathode compartment in the divided cell contained 0.5 mol T cerium (HI) nitrate and 0.5 moM ammonium niu-ate, and the anode compartment contained 0.5 mol I ammonium nitrate. The two compartments are separated with a medium porosity glass frit. The electrochemical synthesis is run in the galvanostatic mode at a current density of I A cm and the particle size is controlled by adjusting the solution temperature. 

The first example of the use of a polymer electrolyte as a medium for an electrochemical reaction is the electrochemical synthesis of conducting polymers [105,106]. Electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole, using ion-conducting polymers as a solid electrolyte, produced polypyrrole-polymer electrolyte bilayer composites in situ [106]. Figure 28 shows a schematic representation of the electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole (Py) by using a polymer electrolyte. The polymer electrolytes used were PEO network polymers in which several kinds of salts were dissolved. The polymer electrolyte film in which pyrrole had been incorporated was sandwiched between two electrodes, and the polymerization was carried out under galvanostatic conditions. When the electrodes were removed from the polymer electrolyte after polymerization, polypyrrole (PPy X") grew on the surface of the polymer electrolyte in contact with the anode (see Fig. 28). As a result, polypyrrole-polymer electrolyte bilayer composites were obtained. The... 

In 2006, electrochemically induced synthesis of (3-lactams, by cyclization of haloamides, has been achieved in suitable solvent-supporting electrolyte solutions previously electrolyzed under galvanostatic control [166, 167]. The yields and the stereochemistry of the process were influenced by the nature of the R -R4 substituents, by the solvent-supporting electrolyte solutions, and by the electrolysis conditions (Scheme 69). 

ABSTRACT Synthesis of nanostructured LiCoOj and TiO via microwave assisted and conventional hydrothermal methods, respectively, is presented. The physical properties of the resulting material are characterised via X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and Galvanostatic Intermittent Titration Technique are used to study differences of the electrochemical properties compared to bulk material. 

Fauvarque JF, Jutand A, Francois M (1988) Nickel catalysed electrosynthesis of anti-inflammatory agents part I - synthesis of 2-arylpropanoic acids, under galvanostatic conditions. J Appl Electrochem... 

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