Electrochemical stability carbon corrosion catalyst

Various types of carbon black have been used as the support for PEM fuel cells due to their low cost, high electronic conductivity, high corrosion resistance, and good chemical and electrochemical stabilities. Liu et al. reviewed carbon-type catalyst supports such as carbon black, nanostructured carbon, and mesoporous carbon for direct methanol fuel cells [3], The discussion is applicable to PEM fuel cells as well. 

However, while carbonaceous materials are abundant and therefore cheap, they also suffer from an insufficient long-term stability. Among the major issues hindering a commercial market launch of low-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC), the poor durability of the carbon-supported catalysts appears to be the most critical [69,70]. In particular in the harsh conditions at the cathode side, severe corrosion of the carbon support takes place. Electrochemical oxidation of carbon in aqueous solution is already thermodynamically... 

Conductive sp -bonded diamond is being developed as an advanced catalyst support material. Boron-doped diamond thin-film electrodes possess excellent properties for this application, such as electrical conductivity, chemical inertness, extreme corrosion resistance, and dimensional stability. Compared with more commonly used sp -bonded carbon materials, diamond is highly resistant to electrochemical corrosion. For exam-... 

How to reduce the degradation of the components in a CL. As described above, the catalyst particles, binder and carbon support degrade during the operation due to chemical and electrochemical corrosion. Graphitization is one way to increase the stability and conductivity of the support. Another possible way is to make uniform defects on the outer walls of the carbon nanotubes to anchor the metal particles. Part of the metal particle embeds into the etched pore on the surface, and these embedded particles can increase the contact area and consequently increase the stability. 

Heat-treatment eould also stabilize the carbon support against electrochemical corrosion and improve catalyst stability [61, 76-78]. Stonehart [77] showed that... 

The support for the metal nano-particles turns out to be as important as the nano-particles for providing their dispersion and stability. Studies on electron transfer are particularly important for carbon-based materials because those materials, such as glassy carbon, graphite, fullerene, and diamond with different electronic and structural properties, have been proved to possess distinctly different electrochemical properties from each other (Ramesh and Sampath, 2003). Carbon supports provide high electronic conductivity, uniform catalyst dispersion, corrosion resistance, and sufficient access of gas reactants to the catalyst (Ismagilov et al, 2005). In addition to electrical conductivity and surface area, hydrophobicity, morphology, porosity, and... 

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