Electric Toothbrushes

Electric toothbrushes are commonly used in tougher environments than many other consumer household items. In the bathroom, they may be dropped several feet, they are exposed to human saliva (acidic) and various tooth pastes (generally alkaline), they have to withstand hot and cold water and are expected to survive for many years. 

Most of these issues do not pose a problem as long as the electronics and switching circuitry are not directly exposed to any of the above conditions. The key potential area for exposure is the on-off switch of the device, where only a slide switch is used, for it may become contaminated very quickly and ultimately corrode. This will result in faulty switching unless the slide switch is hermetically sealed. Hermetically sealed switches can be very expensive. 

Another approach, which has met with wide approval, has been the use of a reed switch/magnet combination. The magnet is moulded into a plastic sliding device that can move up and down, a reed switch that senses the position of the magnet is mounted on a pc board inside the electric toothbrush. In the down po- 

Using this latter approach, the electric toothbrush is able to achieve many years of operation without failure because it is designed to withstand the rigors of its normal environment. 

Lately, we have noted that SMD reed sensors are preferred for this type of application. 

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The utilities in our modern society are so much a part of our lives that it is hard to imagine how we survived without them. An electric power plant generates electricity to heat and light our homes in addition to providing power for the television, refrigerator, and electric toothbrush. When our homes were heated with wood fires, home-made candles were used... 

Domestic appliance housings, vacuum cleaners, small appliances, food mixers, electric shavers, electric toothbrushes. .. 

Tableware, drinking tumblers, cutlery, jars and beakers, storage containers for foods... Bathroom fittings, electric toothbrushes, toothbrush handles, sanitary ware, soap dispensers, shower cubicle, shelves...

White noise—Make your own white noise with fans, vacuum cleaners, portable vacuums, electric toothbrushes, bathroom fans, electric razors, or, to save electricity, recordings of them. Fish tanks that bubble, loud clocks, and metronomes have also worked. Tape-record the sound of a shower or water running from a faucet. The repetitive monotony of these noises mimics the sounds of the womb and can soothe a baby for whom a silent room might feel unnaturally quiet. 

Some examples of incremental innovation include improving the checkin process at a hotel or airline, or implementing an employee idea-solicitation program. A substantial innovation might be replacing an electric toothbrush with one that uses sound waves, or allowing consumers to purchase their own plane tickets online. You still need to brush your teeth and get a plane ticket, but the means by which you do this materially change. 

So, what is life We can describe what it looks like and what it does, but not how it works (most of us are in the same situation even with much simpler systems computers, electric toothbrushes, refrigerator magnets). I suggest that life has five major physical attributes (other scientists may suggest other lists, but the general principles will usually be the same) ... 

Based on the range of Li-ion cell types, 18,650 format cylindrical Li-ion batteries, prismatic Li-ion polymer batteries of comparable capacity to the test 18,650 cells, and packaged power tool rechargeable battery packs with cylindrical cells were identihed as the most pertinent for the analysis. These batteries are typically found in a host of different commodities, including, portable GPS devices, portable game players, portable DVD players, portable televisions, portable radios, cellular phones, music players, electronic readers, notebook computers, cordless headphones, universal remote controls, cameras, camcorders, two-way radios, rechargeable vacuums, electric razors, electric toothbrushes, and electric vehicles. 

Its consumer applications include cellular phones, iPods, electrical toothbrushes, low-cost cordless drills, electronic toys, and other miniature electronic devices. 

As well as these applications multi-shot also finds use for power tool cases, battery cases and domestic appliances (e.g., kettles handles, vacuums, lawn mowers and electric toothbrushes). 

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