Electric terminology

As 0 X of = 0 and oico5 (( )o) is a constant, we can combine ( ((lio) and gq into a new constant Aq, leaving the first term as simply this new Aq. This can be thought of as an amplitude offset (or DC offset in electrical terminology), so that the waveform does not have to be centred on the y-axis. In the most general case, the number of terms can be infinite, so the general form of... 

In electrical terminology, when the metal wire is touched to the metal end of the clip lead, contact is "made," or we could say that the makeshift switch is "closed." Later, when the metal parts are moved away from each other, we could say that contact is "broken," or the switch has been "opened.")... 

Electric Motors, 615 Terminology, 615 Load Characteristics, 616 Basic Motor Types Synchronous and Induction, 616 Selection of Synchronous Motor Speeds, 619 Duty, 625 Types of Electrical Current, 625 Characteristics, 627 ... 

The use of electrical engineering terminology here is purely for the sake of definiteness. The results obtained apply to a wide variety of problems arising in such diverse fields as mechanical vibrations, acoustics, and, with t replaced by a space parameter, optics. 

The system of distinctions and terminology of the thermodynamic and electric potentials introduced by Lange is still very useful and recommended for describing all electrified phases and interphases. Therefore these potentials can be assigned to metal/solution (M/s), as well as the liquid/liquid boundaries created at the interfaces of two immiscible electrolyte solutions water (w) and an organic solvent (s). 

Electrical resistance is a broad term given to the opposition of flow of current within an electrical circuit. However, when considering components such as capacitors or inductors, or when speaking about resistance to alternating current (AC) flow, certain other terminology is used. 

The term sonochemistry is used to describe a subject which uses sound energy to affect chemical processes and the terminology is in keeping with that of the longer established methods such as electrochemistry (the use of electricity to achieve chemical activation). These older technologies require some special attribute of the system being activated in order to produce an effect e. g. the use of microwaves (dipolar species), electrochemistry (conducting medium) and photochemistry (the presence of a chromophore) whereas sonochemistry requires only the presence of a liquid to produce its effects. 

As noted, the water photoelectrolysis field is inherently interdisciplinary, variously attracting and mixing the work of chemists, electrical engineers, material scientists, and physicists. Each field has its own nuances of description, which makes a book such as this a mix of units, terminology, and symbols. We have done our best to concisely describe the subject matter in way a generic scientist, regardless of the discipline in which they hope to or have received their Ph.D., could understand. Certainly the successful researcher in the field must be able to appreciate and integrate concepts and principles that cut across traditional disciplinary boundaries. 

Electrochemical cells produce electrical energy from a spontaneous chemical reaction. In electrolysis, the process is reversed so that electrical energy is used to carry out a nonspontaneous chemical change. A cell arranged to do this is called an electrolytic cell. An electrolytic cell is similar to an electrochemical cell except that an electrolytic cell s circuit includes a power source, for example, a battery. The same electrochemical cell terminology applies to electrolytic cells. Reduction occurs at the cathode and oxidation at the anode. 

The ISO/IEC 17025 standard (ISO/IEC 2005) has the title General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories and is the main standard to which analytical chemical laboratories are accredited. The word calibration in the title arises from the use of the standard to accredit bodies that calibrate instruments such as balances, electrical equipment, and utility meters. It must also be stressed that the standard is not written for analytical chemists, but for any measurement scientists. Therefore, the terminology tends to be general, and the emphasis is sometimes not clear for the chemist. However, the standard is wide ranging and covers a whole community of measurement scientists. 

Finally, we make a terminological remark. In a one-dimensional locally electro-neutral system the expression (1.11b) for the electric current density reduces to... 

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