Fence, electric

Rotational grazing This requires either electric fencing plus a back fence, which is comparatively easy with dairy cows, or the creation of... 

Rotational grazing with a moveable electric fence... 

Predation (e.g. by foxes and birds of prey) may also be a serious cause of mortality in free-range husbandry. Foxes can be kept away with a solid fence, which can be supplemented by an electric fence. Birds of prey are not a big problem for poultry houses that are closed at night and free of holes. However, keeping birds of prey such as the hawks away is not easy, especially for farms surrounded by forest or in a landscape with a lot of trees. In such situations, low structures should be provided as hiding places for the hens. 

Cells are also formed into batteries with nominal OCV of 7.2 V for electric fence activators. Alternatively, banks of 11 individual cells are used to operate 10 V railway signal motors such applications require a current drain of 3 A for 5-10 s, perhaps 100 times per day. Multicell batteries are used in the US Space Shuttle programme for crew communication. Practical energy densities of up to 310 Wh/kg may be obtained. 

Land predators can be deterred by wire fences 7 or 9 strands high, with an outer electric fence wire sourced from a mains conversion unit or a battery. 

I invite you to join the underground organization that we will set up. You will be the contact to all the camps. You will be the contact between the camps. You will be given work that will enable you to move freely between the camps. As electrician you will test the electrical fences, 75... 

We went to work in the Polish underground. We went around the camp and made sure that the signs were hanging properly and that the small fence in front of the electrical fence was in order. I was the foreman in this work detail because I said I was already experienced as electrician. I had already done this kind of work in Stalag 10a. 16... 

An electric fence, and not necessarily a high one, is the most effective way to keep deer out. One design suitable for small areas uses two fences, an inner chicken-wire fence... 

As their name suggests, RAPS systems are expected to operate reliably in a variety of inhospitable environments. They can be confronted with the searing heat of the desert, the stifling humidity of the rainforests, or the intense cold of the tundra. The facilities may even be sited on oceans or atop mountains. The systems service a diverse range of applications with widely different levels of energy consumption, such as (i) houses and villages (ii) electric fences (iii) community dwellings and services ... 

Good strong fences are essential normal barbed wire or netting fences are not adequate. To restrain goats, use either chain link fences (at least 4 ft/1.2 m high) with barbed wire, or three to four strands of electric fence (at least 3 ft 6 in/1 m high). 

Figure 3.76 Farm animal control by electric fence.

Earth electrodes connected to the earth terminal of an electric fence controller must be separate from the earthing system of any other circuit and should be situated outside the resistance area of any electrode used for protective earthing. The electric fence controller and the fence wire must be installed so that they do not come into contact with any power, telephone or radio systems, including poles. Agricultural and horticultural installations should be tested and inspected in accordance with Part 6 of the Wiring Regulations every three years. 

Protection by limitation of energy is in subsections 411-04 and 471-03. The intention is not to prevent the shock sensation but to limit the shock current and/or its duration so as to avoid injury to persons and animals. Common examples of equipment complying with this requirement are electric fence energisers, electrostatic paint and powder sprayers, and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding electrodes. 

This is an increasing problem during winter where rabbit populations are getting larger. Electric fencing and gassing are possible solutions. 

Examples of application garden and farm appliances, electric fences, warning lights for roads under construction, etc. 

V Alarms (intnider and fire), lighting, signalling, portable fluorescent lights, communication equipment, flashes, electric fence controllers, electric motors, portable televisions, toys. 

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