Effluent concentration profile, displacement

Figure 2. Effluent concentration profile in displacement chromatography.

Mechanistic interpretations The results of the dynamic and equilibrium displacement experiments are used to evaluate and further define mechanisms by which alkaline floods increase the displacement and recovery of acidic oil in secondary mode and the tertiary mode floods. The data sets used in the mechanistic interpretations of alkaline floods are (a) overall and incremental recovery efficiencies from dynamic and equilibrium displacement experiments, (b) production and effluent concentration profiles from dynamic displacement experiments, (c) capillary pressure as a function of saturation curves and conditions of wettability from equilibrium displacement experiments, (d) interfacial tension reduction and contact angle alteration after contact of aqueous alkali with acidic oil and, (e) emulsion type, stability, size and mode of formation. These data sets are used to interpret the results of the partially scaled dynamic experiments in terms of two-stage phase alteration mechanisms of emulsification followed by entrapment, entrainment, degrees and states of wettability alteration or coalescence. 

An aqueous binary mixture of a salt and an acid, or other combinations of electrolytes, was passed through the column at a flow rate of about 1 mL/ min ( forward experiment). The concentration profile of the electrolytes in the effluent (the breakthrough curves) was determined by collecting fractions of about 1.0-1.5 mL and analyzing their afiquots by conventional methods. After the column was equifibrated with the feed solution, the electrolytes were displaced firom the column by water ( reverse experiment) and their concentrations were determined in the fractions collected at the column oudet. This technique corresponds to the chromatographic firontal analysis and generally permits the isolation, in the forward experiment, of fractions containing the more or less pure component with smaller... 

Judging from the surfactant concentration profile of the effluent fluids, the surfactant slug can be hardly classified as a slug in the latter stage of the displacement process. However, the dispersive mixing in Berea cores was not overly drastic as otherwise the minimum IFT would not occur near 1.35 PV effluents. 

Figure 9. Exchange of BSA by fibronectin on amine-coated surface. Profiles illustrate the molar concentrations of each protein in the column effluent. The dashed line indicates the void volume, or the point at which the BSA solution is just displaced from the column by the fibronectin solution (0.05 M Tris/HCl, 0.02% NaN3, pH 7.4, 0.15 mL/min, 37°C). Key , fibronectin T, BSA monomer and A, BSA dimer.

The effluent profiles in Fig. 3 show that the ID SL solver reproduces the displacement accounting for the change in water viscosity as a function of polymer concentration much in the same way as the FD solver. The slight difference in profiles is caused by numerical... 

---