Effects of EDCs on Behavior

The effects of EDCs on behavior in fish have been more extensively studied than in birds. Examples of the effects of EDCs seen in fish include profound alterations in courtship behavior in male guppies (Poecilia reticulate) exposed to vinclozolin and DDE, including at environmentally relevant concentrations (Baatrup and Junge 2001) and altered courtship behavior in three-spined stickleback exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of EE2 (Bell 2001). In the stickleback studies, exposed males became less aggressive and had a reduced nesting activity, and this was linked with reduced concentrations of the male sex androgen 11-ketotestosterone. Recently, 

Here we illustrate that the population-level impacts of exposure to EDCs cannot easily be extrapolated from bioassays on individuals. Even when total fecundity is 

Organic Pollutants An Ecotoxicological Perspective, Second Edition 

Carson, R. (1963). Silent Spring. London, Hamish Hamilton. 

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