Effect of phase ratio

Fig. 3 Time-dependent concentration profiles for solute A Effect of phase ratio, with Vc /VL = 1.0 and 4.0.

Table 8.1 Effect of Phase Ratio in Single Stage Extraction... 

The two phenomena, namely the effect of phase ratio on the fractional recovery and purity and the effect of saturation on purity, have thus far been... 

It is worth mentioning here that comparisons between the efficiency of different MIP separation systems like two HPLC systems or two CEC systems, or an HPLC system with a CEC system, are quite difficult when the adsorption isotherms are nonlinear. One of the typical difficulties is that the phase ratios in the two systems may be different. The effect of phase ratio on the separation and particularly on the achievable optimum separation is a complex question even in linear chromatography. In nonlinear chromatography this is really difficult and also burdened by the differences between the isotherms of the two compounds to be separated. The complexity of this matter has been mostly overlooked in the MIP literature and the visual comparison of two separations in rather different systems, operated under very different conditions, has frequently lead to statements declaring one technique better than the other. 

T. L. Chester and J. W. Coym, Effect of phase ratio on van t Hoff analysis in reversed-phase liquid chromatography, and phase-ratio-independent estimation of transfer enthalpy,/. Chromatogr. A 1003 (2003), 101-111. 

Effect of Phase Ratio. The effect of phase ratio of discontinuous phase over continuous phase on the viscosity of the emulsion is shown in Figure 15. Continous and discontinuous phase composition and viscosity are constant in each experiment. With increasing phase ratio, the viscosity of the emulsion increases because of the increasing of the amount of water droplets. 

Figure 15. Effect of phase ratio Vj/Vj on emulsion viscosity Tjem and splitting efficiency 7js Vj...total water content I>splitted .obtained continuous water phase after splitting.

Telford, S., P. Schlunt, and P. C. Chau, Mechanisms of Polymer-Supported Phase Transfer Catalysis. Effect of Phase Ratios on Low Percent Ring Substitution Microporous Polystyrene Resin, Macr-mol., 19, 2455(1986). 

Effect of Phase Ratio. As with the smaller scale reactor... 

Fig. 6.3-8 Effect of phase ratio on phase sphtting (Berger 1987)...

Effect of Phase Ratio. As the endblock concentration in an unfilled thermoplastic rubber increases, the shape of the stress-strain curves change as shown in Fig. 6. These particular curves apply to solution-cast films prepared from a series of experimental S-B-S polymers. The total molecular weight for each polymer was held constant only the styrene content was varied. 

The effect of viscosity ratio on the morphology of immiscible polymer blends has been studied by several researchers. Studies with blends of LCPs and thermoplastics have shown indications that for good fibrillation to be achieved the viscosity of the dispersed LCP phase should be lower than that of the matrix [22,38-44]. 

The effect of oil/water ratio has been studied extensively for various catalysts. Patel et al. [258] reported effect of oil/water ratio on rate of desulfurization by IGTS8. They used freeze-dried cells reconstituted with water to do the studies. They found that a minimum of 1.25 mL of water per gram of freeze-dried cells is necessary to enable biodesulfurization. At a W/O ratio of 1 9, about 82% of the maximum desulfurization activity was achieved. The rate of desulfurization was reported to be similar between the W/O ratio of 1 1 and 4 1, but decreased upon increasing oil content further. The effect of the ratio was also studied by Shan et al. using diesel oil as the oil phase and P. delafieldii R-8 as the biocatalyst [259], The water content was varied to obtain a W/O ratio between 0 1 and 20 1, using a fixed amount of biocatalyst and oil. The authors found that the desulfurization rate increased up to a W/O ratio of 2 1, after which it remained constant. 

Earlier chapters use simplified and binary models to analyze in a very informative manner some fundamentals such as the effect of reflux ratio and feed tray location, and to delineate the differences between absorption/stripping and distillation. Following chapters concentrate on specific areas such as complex distillation, with detailed analyses of various features such as pumparounds and side-strippers, and when they should be used. Also discussed are azeotropic, extractive, and three-phase distillation operations, multi-component liquid-liquid and supercritical extraction, and reactive multistage separation. The applications are clearly explained with many practical examples. 

Figure 13.10. Effect of phase flow ratio on total capacity of liquid-liquid extraction columns.

It expresses the combined effect of phase transfer and ion-pair formation. Provided that further reactions can be disregarded, the distribution ratio Dha of HA is given by the relationship... 

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