Dysmenorrhoea, primary

It is indicated in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, musculoskeletal disorders, primary dysmenorrhoea, acute gout, pelvic inflammation, ankylosing spondylitis, tooth extraction, tendinitis, bursitis and juvenile arthritis. 

Also used in posttraumatic and postoperative pain, inflammation and swelling e.g. following dental or orthopaedic surgery, painful and/or inflammatory conditions in gynaecology e.g. primary dysmenorrhoea or adnexitis, in severe painful inflammatory infections of the ear, nose or throat e.g. pharyngotonsillitis, otitis etc. 

It is indicated in primary and secondary amenorrhoea of long duration, metropathia haemorrhagica, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhoea, polymenorrhoea and premenstrual syndrome. 

Clinical use Celecoxib (Graul et al., 1997 Wallace and Chin, 1999) is a second generation selective COX-2 inhibitor and the first drug of this group which reached the market. Its selectivity for COX-2 compared to COX-1 is about 375-fold greater in human recombinant enzyme preparations and about 8-fold in a whole blood assay. Celecoxib has been approved for rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, acute pain and primary dysmenorrhoea in the US and has been launched in an increasing number of countries since 1999. 

Clinical use Diflunisal (Brogden et al., 1980) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis and primary dysmenorrhoea. It is used as base or lysine- or arginine-salt for oral or parenteral application. 

What are the risk factors for developing primary dysmenorrhoea 3a What group of drugs does mefenamic acid belong to ... 

Case Study Level 1 - Primary dysmenorrhoea - see page 150... 

Dysmenorrhoea is cyclical, lower abdominal or pelvic pain which may also radiate to the back and thighs, occurring before or during menstruation or both. Primary dysmenorrhoea occurs in the absence of any obvious underlying disease that may be cause of pain. 

What are the risk factors for developing primary dysmenorrhoea ... 

Case study level 1 - Primary dysmenorrhoea 150 Case study level 2 - Urinary tract infections in pregnancy 151 Case study level 3 - Pelvic inflammatory disease 152 Case study level Ma - Endometriosis management in secondary care 154... 

Primary dysmenorrhoea mefanamic acid is used to reduce the production of PGs by the uterus which cause uterine hypercontractility and pain. 

Primary dysmenorrhoea (PD) describes painful menstruation in the absence of detectable pelvic pathology. It generally starts a year or so after menarche (the first period), once ovulatory cycles are established. Peak incidence is between 15 and 25 years of age, and then declines with age. It can often be treated with over-the-counter (OTC) medication. 

Table 31.1 Main distinguishing clinical features of primary and secondary dysmenorrhoea...

The symptoms described indicate primary dysmenorrhoea, so you could recommend treatment. Ibuprofen is the best analgesic to recommend, but check first that the girl is not sensitive to it. If ibuprofen is not effective after trying it for a couple of months she should see her doctor. 

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