Dynamic instability at solid-liquid interface

Dynamic instability at solid-liquid interface 11.2.1. Electro-kinetic oscillators 

The pioneering experiments in this area are due to Teorell [6]. In this setup, aqueous solutions of electrolytes of different concentrations were kept in the two compartments (NaCl, KCl, LiCl) separated by the membrane, and a current of fixed magnitude was passed. Synchronous oscillations in electric potentials, resistance and pressure differences were observed. Teorell observed that (i) there exists a threshold value of current density below which one obtains highly damped or moderately damped oscillations, (ii) in the undamped case the oscillations go on for hours and start to die away when current becomes too low or Ag/AgCl electrodes gets exhausted, (iii) oscillations are 

The subject has been reviewed by Larter [7] and Rastogi et al[10, 11] . An earlier review is due to Mikulecky and Caplan [12]. 

Recent experimental studies are due to Rastogi and co-workers [13, 14]. A schematic diagram of their experimental setup is shown in Fig. 11.1, which is similar to that of Teorell with some modifications. 

M Millipore filter membrane G Geliy connection b Magnetic beat S Magnetic stirrer P1P2 PVC Tubing OR O Ring R1R2 To recorder 

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