Dyestuffs biodegradability

Pagga U, Brown D (1986) The degradation of dyestuffs part II. behaviour of dyestuffs in aerobic biodegradation tests. Chemosphere 15 479 -91... 

Brown D, Laboureur P (1993) The degradation of dyestuffs part I primary biodegradation under anaerobic conditions. Chemosphere 12 397 -04... 

Dyestuffs in general, and azo dyes in particular, are likely to undergo. substantial primary biodegradation in an anaerobic environment through reductive cleavage of azo bonds into aromatic amines. Lipophilic aromatic... 

Brown D. and B. Hamburger. 1987. The Degradation of dyestuffs Part III- Investigation of their ultimate biodegradability. Chemosphere 16, 1539-1553. 

Brown D. and P. Laboureur. 1983. The Degradation of dyestuffs Part I—Primary biodegradation under anaerobic conditions. Chemosphere 122, 397-404. 

Ecological and Toxicological Association of the Dyestuffs Manufacturing Industry. Ecological method No. 105. A Screening test for assessing the primary anaerobic biodegradability of water soluble dyestuffs. ETAD, Basel, Switzerland. 

Aromatic sulfonates are important structural elements of many industrially important dyestuffs, while aromatic nitro compounds are industrially important both as intermediates for the synthesis of a wide range of compounds including dyestuffs and pharmaceutical products and as explosives. Increased attention has therefore been directed to their biodegradation particularly in biological treatment systems. 

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