Dumas

Dumas P, Weldon M K, Chabal Y J and Williams G P 1999 Molecules at surfaces and interfaces studied using vibrational spectroscopies and related techniques Surf. Rev. Lett. 6 225-55... 

Dumas P, Suhren M, Chabai Y J, Hirsohmugi C J and Wiiiiams G P 1997 Adsorption and reaotivity of NO on Cu (111) a synohrotron infrared refieotion absorption speotrosoopio study Surf. Sol. 371 200-12... 

Peterson K A, Engholm J R, Rella C W and Sohwettman H A 1997 Piooseoond infrared studies of protein vibrational modes Accelerator-Based Infrared Sources and Applicationseds G P Williams and P Dumas (Bellingham, WA SPIE) pp 149-58 Proc. SPIE vol 3153... 

The two chief methods for estimating nitrogen in organic compounds are (i) the Dumas method, which can be applied to all organic compounds (ii) the Kjeldahl method, which is of more restricted application, but which is frequently used in biochemical and physiological work. Its limitations are indicated in the description of the method (p. 492). 

Whereas most chemists focused their attention on speculation about atoms and the question of atomic weights, the constant multiplicity in compounds occupied an increasingly central role. The new concept of substitution, i.e., the replacement of one element by another in a compound, started to make a major impact on chemistry in the 1840s. It was probably Dumas, who in the 1830s at the request of his father-in-law (who was the director of the famous Royal Sevres porcelain factory) resolved an event that upset a royal dinner party at the Tuil-... 

Acetone was originally observed about 1595 as a product of the distillation of sugar of lead (lead acetate). In the nineteenth century it was obtained by the destmctive distillation of metal acetates, wood, and carbohydrates with lime, and pyrolysis of citric acid. Its composition was determined by Liebig and Dumas in 1832. 

The possibility of the existence of organosilicone compounds was first predicted by Dumas in 1840, and in 1857 Buff and Wohler found the substance now known to be trichlorosilane by passing hydrochloric acid gas over a heated mixture of silicone and carbon. In 1863 Friedel and Crafts prepared tetraethylsilane by reacting zinc diethyl with silicon tetrachloride. 

Dumas, R., 1987, Safety and Quality the Human Dimension, Professional Safety, pp 11-14, December. 

Antonio Dumas (10) Dipartimento di Ingegneria Energetica, Nucleate e del Controllo Ambientale, Universita di Bologna, Bologna 1-40136, Italy... 

Nitrogen (Dumas).—According to this method, a weighed quantity of the substance is heated with copper oxide in a tube filled with carbon dioxide. The carbon and hydrogen form respectively caibon dioxide and water, and the nitrogen which is liberated in the foim of gas is collected over caustic potash (which absorbs the carbon dioxide) and measured. 

Methyl Iodide (lodomethane), CHJ Dumas and Peligot, Amialen. 1835, 15, 20. 

Trichloracetic Acid. - This acid may also be olitained by diieel. siihslitulion of ai etir aud by ehloiine (Dumas) (see Piep. 17, ]i. 87). The o idaliou of the corresponding aldehyde is, howeiei, llu iiioie (onvenient method. Trichloracetic acid del.oiiiposes with alkalis on heating into carbon dio. ddc and chloroform,... 

---