DuET at Kyoto University

3 Ion irradiation facility and irradiation target system in DuET at Kyoto University (a) dual beam facility set-up (b) irradiation target system (DUMIS). (Kohyama et a ., 2000) 

Another unique application of ion irradiation is the in situ observation of microstructural evolution using a TEM combined with a connected accelerator (e.g. Ishino et al., 1983). This technique allows observation of microstructural evolution directly during ion irradiation by injecting ions with energies in the order of lOkeV to lOMeV into a thin-foil sample in a TEM. This method provides information about interactions of dislocations and cascades under ion irradiation. Continuous observations over time permit lifetime measurements of each cascade-induced vacancy cluster elucidating the nucleation and growth of the clusters under cascade damage (Ishino et a/.,1986). 

Charged particles lose their energy in target materials by two processes electronic interaction and nuclear interaction. In the electronic interaction, kinetic energy of the incident particles is transferred to electrons of the target and finally dissipated as heat. In the nuclear interaction, point defects 

4 Schematic of stopping powers (d dp) versus the square root of energy (e ) in ion irradiation. 

5 Calculated damage rate per particle flux along the depth direction from incident surface for various particle irradiation. 

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Table 8.2 shows major accelerators used for creating charged particle beams. In MeV energies. Van de Graaff, Cockcroft Walton and cyclotron accelerators are commonly used. Figure 8.3 shows the DuET at Kyoto University in Japan as an example ion irradiation facility and irradiation... 

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