Drying fluid dynamics

The dry-based capacity of the equipment is 1.78 kg s-1, while the recovery efficiency of the particles is 98-99%. It is reported that the conditions of fluid dynamics are very stable and that the equipment can be operated with a very high concentration of dense phase. It is clear that at least one of the researchers major intentions in the design of the dryer is to lengthen the residence time of the particles. 

Papadakis and King (1988a,b) used this PSI-Cell model to simulate a spray dryer and compare their predicted results with limited experimental results associated with a lab-scale spray dryer. They have shown that the measured air temperatures at various levels below the roof of the spray drying chamber were well predicted by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Negiz et al. (1995) developed a program to simulate a cocurrent spray dryer based on the PSI-Cell model. Straatsma et al. (1999) developed a drying model, named NIZO-DrySim, to simulate aspects of... 

Huang, L. X. 2005. Simulation of spray drying using computational fluid dynamics, PhD thesis. National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore. 

Huang, L. X., Kumar, K., and Mujumdar, A. S. 2003. Use of computational fluid dynamics to evaluate alternative spray chamber configurations. Drying Technol. 21 385-412. 

Langrish, T. A. G. and Kockel, T. K. 2001. The assessment of a characteristic drying curve for milk powder for use in computational fluid dynamics modeling. Chem. Eng. J. 84 69-74. 

Oakley, D. 1994. Scale-up of spray dryers with the aid of computational fluid dynamics. Drying Technol., 12 217-233. 

Computational fluid dynamic simulations have been nsed to model the drop/partiele trajectories in spray-drying (Gianfrancesco et al., 2010), but optimization is still complex. 

Nitz, M. and Taranto, O.P., Drying of beans in a pulsed fluid bed dryer Drying kinetics, fluid-dynamic study and comparisons with conventional fluidization, J. Food Eng., 80, 249-256, 2007. 

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Spray Drying.218... 

Carry out heat and mass balances, airflow rate for drying, heater capacity. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations for such a spray dryer may be performed to determine trends as accuracy of CID models are still not well defined. 

Frydman, A., Vasseur, J., Ducept, R, and Moureh, J., Simulation of spray drying in superheated steam using computational fluid dynamics. Drying TechnoL, 1999, 17(7), 1313-1326. 

L.X. Huang, K. Kumar, A.S. Mujumdar, A parametric study of the gas flow patterns and drying performance of co-current spray dryer Results of a computational fluid dynamics study, Drying Technology, 21 (2003) 957-978. 

M. Mezhericher, A. Levy, I. Borde, Droplet-droplet interactions in spray drying by using 2D computational fluid dynamics, Drying Technology, 26 (2008) 265-282. 

M. Mezhericher, A. Levy, 1. Borde, Modelling of droplet drying in spray chambers using 2D and 3D Computational Fluid Dynamics, Drying Technology, 27 (2009) 359-370. 

For the design of some specific dryers, for example, impinging jet, spray, and flash dryers, computational (such as computational fluid dynamics known as CFD) analysis of the complex gas-particle two-phase flow with inter-gas-particle heat and mass transfer can help understand the effects of dryer geometries to the drying process and make better design decisions. 

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