Dry-powder device

Smith, I. J., and Parry-Billings, M. (2003/2004), The inhalers of the future A review of dry powder devices on the market today, Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther., 16, 79-95. 

Fig. 6 (A) Hovione SA FlowCaps dry powder device. (B) Photograph showing the dispersion of powders within the capsule in a Hovione SA FlowCaps dry powder inhaler. (Courtesy of Hovione Productos Farmaceuticos SA, Portugal.)...

Ball, D. Hirst, P. Newman, S. Bernard, S. Streel, B. Van-derbist, F. Deposition and pharmacokinetics of budesonide from the Miat monodose inhaler, a simple dry powder device. Int. J. Pharm. 2002, 245, 123-132. 

Despite their availability, neither dry powder nor metered-dose inhalers have been used to deliver aerosolized pentamidine. The use of metered-dose inhalers may be problematic because these devices are better suited for frequent delivery of small doses rather than intermittent delivery of the large doses that have been therapeutically successful in prophylaxis of PCP. Dry powder devices may produce an increased incidence of cough due to airway deposition. 

Figure 4 Dry powder device landscape broken down by energy source, dosing method, and packaging.

Van Beerendonk I, Masters I, Mudde AN, Tan TD. Assessment of the inhalation technique in outpatients with chronic ohstructive pulmonary disease using a metered dose inhaler or dry powder device. J Asthma 1998 35 273-279. 

Recognizing the fact that pMDIs were the most widely used form of inhaled therapy and available in all markets for all types of inhaled respiratory medicine, it was felt that their use did justify an essential use exemption from the Montreal Protocol. Dry-powder devices were recognized as an alternative for many, but they were not available in all countries for all medicines and were not always suitable for the young and those with low inspiratory flow rates also, they may not be suitable in certain humid climates. In some markets their extra cost would also deprive many of necessary treatment. 

The process affects only pMDls (not dry-powder devices). 

Thermal inkjet spray freeze-drying was used to produce inhalable particles of terbutaline sulfate (37). Scanning electron micrograph images proved that the particles are spherical, highly porous and suitable for aerosolization from a capsule-based dry-powder device. There is no need for additional experiments. 

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