Drug encapsulation

Several mechanisms between drug-encapsulated liposomes and cells was presented [9,10]. Sunamoto and coworkers [11] applied the liposomal technique for improving the biological activity of polyanionic polymers. 

The interfacial cross-linking polymerization has been demonstrated to be a suitable method for the production of xylan microcapsules with high drug encapsulation efficiency. SD-... 

Saxena A., Sachin K, Bohidar H.B., Verma A.K. 2005. Effect of molecular weight heterogeneity on drug encapsulation efficiency of gelatin nano-particles. Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces 45,42-48. 

Numerous experimental therapeutics have shown potency in vitro however, when they are tested in vivo, they often lack significant efficacy. This is often attributed to unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties and systemic toxicity, which limit the maximum tolerated dose. These limitations can be overcome by use of drug carriers. Two general types of carrier systems have been designed drug conjugation to macromolecular carriers, such as polymers and proteins and drug encapsulation in nanocarriers, such as liposomes, polymersomes and micelles. 

Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles ranging in size from 10 to 1000 nm. They can be used as drug carriers, with the drug encapsulated, dissolved, adsorbed, or covalently attached [79,80]. The small size of... 

Single-step fabrication of drug-encapsulated inorganic microspheres with complex form by sonication-induced nanoparticle assembly Chemical Communications,... 

Veerabadran, N., Price, R. and Lvov, Y. (2007) Clay Nanotubules for Drug Encapsulation and Sustained Release. Nano Journal, 2, 215—222. 

Lasic DD, Frederik PM, Stuart MCA, Barenholz Y, McIntosh TJ. Gelation of liposome interior. A novel method for drug encapsulation. FEBS Lett 1992 312 255-258. 

In a reproducible way, paclitaxel can be incorporated into DQAsomes at a molar ratio paclitaxel to dequalinium of about 0.6. In comparison to the free drug, encapsulation of paclitaxel into DQAsomes increases the drug s solubility by a factor of about 3000. 

Meier MAR, Aerts SNH, Staal BBP, Rasa M, Schubert US (2005) PEO-h-PCL block copolymers synthesis, detailed characterization, and selected micellar drug encapsulation behavior. Macromol Rapid Commun 26 1918-1924... 

This analytical method characterizes the nature of the drug encapsulated in the microspheres. There was no thermal event during the examination of empty microspheres. However, in the case... 

Effect of Micelle Core Structure on Core Properties and Drug Encapsulation in Micelles Derived from PEO-f -P(6-HHA)... 

Drug encapsulation efficiency Active or remote loading [11] Stable liposome encapsulation of drugs at high drug-to-lipid ratios, Many applications in drug delivery... 

Liposome Preparation Techniques In most cases, liposomes are named by the preparation method used for their formation, Such as sonicated, dehydrated-rehy-drated vesicle (DRV), reverse-phase evaporation (REV), one step, and extruded. Several reviews have summarized available liposome preparation methods [91,124, 125], Liposome formation happens spontaneously when phospholipids are dispersed in water. However, the preparation of drug-encapsulating liposomes with high drug encapsulation and specific size and lamellarity is not always an easy task. The most important methods are highlighted below. 

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