Droplet micro-dispensing

Droplet generator Piezoelectric drop on demand Piezoelectric ink jet Piezoelectric micro-/ nanoliter droplet dispenser... 

W/0 emulsions are generally less vulnerable to micro-organisms than O/W emulsions. This can be attributed to two factors firstly, the continuous oil phase tends to prevent contact between the water droplets of the discontinuous phase and micro-organisms, and secondly, the small size of the water droplets itself hinders the survival and proliferation of any microbes that may be present. Current emulsion technology can achieve an average water droplet diameter of Ip, approximately that of individual coccoid bacteria. In micro-emulsions, droplet size is even smaller. In contrast, manufacturing O/W emulsions with such characteristics, and thus dispensing with the need for chemical preservatives, is particularly difficult and requires special know-how of emulsion chemistry. 

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