Downstream regulatory element

Calcineurin and Downstream regulatory element antagonist modulator (DREAM) are two proteins that are involved in calcium-regulated transcription control pathways. There are several such pathways. One is through calmodulin-dependent kinase, such as CaM kinase 1, CaM-kinase IV, or CaM kinase kinase. The other is through SIOOB that interacts with the tumor suppressor p53 to regulate its transcriptional activity. Both the CaM kinases and SIOOB have been discussed earlier. Here we will focus on calcineurin and DREAM. 

Figure 4. Transcriptional regulatory sequences of the mouse c-mos gene. Transcription in oocytes and spermatocytes initiates 53 and approximately 280 base pairs upstream of the c-mos ATG, respectively. Efficient transcription in oocytes requires an initiator (Inr)-I ike sequence located downstream of the transcription start site. A negative regulatory element (NRE) located upstream of the spermatocyte promoter acts to suppress c-mos transcription in somatic cells.

It is imperative to demonstrate whether JH HI operates directly on pheromone glands or whether it facilitates the activity of other pheromonotropic regulators. Studies of mated females, which produce JH III but not pheromone, have made it abundantly clear that unknown regulatory elements downstream of the action of JH must be involved. These factors probably interact with inhibitory signals from the terminal abdominal ganglion that ascend the VNC and control CNS activity. A concerted effort is needed to identify neuropeptides and other factors that activate and terminate pheromone production, emission, and sexual receptivity. 

Are there any cis-regulatory elements downstream of the PTB-gene promoter ... 

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