Double sail

Diazoni-UFTi salts can be to some hy conversion to so-called double sails. The easiest to lorm are those with 2inc chloricry. Species such as [AfN. l.[ZnClr l are reasonably stable in soluti in. ospeciaily if kepi iold-... 

Addition of suifinic acids (or sails) to unactivated C—C double bonds... 

A molecular compound is formed by the union of two or more already saturated molecules apparently in defiance of the ordinary rules of valence. The class includes double salts, sails with water of crystallization, and metal ammonium derivatives. These salts are usually formed by Van der Waals attraction between (he constituent molecules. They do nol differ in any characteristic manner from compounds formed in strict accordance with the concept of valence They are also called addition compounds. 

The ammonia-radicle theory.—The oldest hypothesis concerning the nature of the ammonia-compounds, and that adopted by A. L. Lavoisier, supposed ammonia to be an independent base or radicle, saturating acids, and forming salts. This theory has been likened to the etherin theory of J. B. A. Dumas and P. F. G. Boullay. The radicle is NHS sal-ammoniac is NH3+HCI etc. The theory makes no attempt to explain the nature of the other classes of ammonia-compounds nor does it explain the relation of ammonia to ordinary bases, which are metallic oxides, nor the differences between the ammoniacal salts from metallic sails of the same acid. Later on, the theory became associated with the mol. compound theory, so that sal ammoniac was represented by F. A. Kekule as an associated complex of ammonia and hydrogen chloride, in which the ammonia remained tervalent. These compounds were considered to be analogous to double salts, and to substances with water of crystallization. This view was supported by the ready dissociation of sal ammoniac by heat—a subject discussed in connection with ammonium chloride (2. 20, 16). H. Rose also emphasized the analogy between compounds of ammonia and of water in various salts as exemplified by the use of the term ammonia of crystallization. 

There is now general agreement that Vilsmeier reactions with acetals, ketals, and the corresponding thio derivatives proceed by loss of a molecule of alcohol or thiol to give the reactive unsaturated ether or thioether with cyclic ketals the alcohol remains tethered, and may be chlorinated. The acetals and ketals are often more readily available than the unsaturated ethers, and yields of products are similar. A wide range of aliphatic and alicyclic acetals and ketals has been formylated the reaction can tolerate bulky groups at either end of the double bond, as is shown for compound 64 (Eq. 51). Products are isolated as iminium sails... 

Trivalent plutonium is a weak reducing agent. Stable in soln in absence of air. Slowly oxidized to the tctravaleni plutonium by atmospheric oxygen, by permanganate in acid soln in the cold oxidized to the hexavalent form by porman -ganate at 60. Trivalent sails are blue form complexes very readily form a series of double sulfates. Crystal structure of the complex and double salts Zachariasen, J. Am. chem. Soc. 70. 2147 (1948). 

In an 8-week, plaeebo-eontrolled, double-blind study, mazindol was given to 26 patients with obesity and arthritis, 15 of whom were taking sail-... 

Human RP2 (Chappie et al, 2000) was subcloned into the pSos vector by double restriction enzyme digestion with Notl and Ncol, which produced an in-frame hSos fusion. Human Arl3 was cloned into the prey plasmid pMyr from IMAGE clone 3610040. Arl3 was engineered to contain EcoRl and Sail restriction sites by PCR (Forward 5 -CGGAATT... 

Propelling steam vessel (John Ericsson) Swedish engineer Ericsson invents the double screw propeller for ships allowing them to move much faster than those relying on sails. 

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