Double-S shape

The relatively moderate slope of curves A, C, E and F indicates a uniform particle distribution and consequently the existence of all sizes particles. The almost vertical S -shaped curve (curve D) indicates a material with almost single-size particles. The double S -shaped curve (curve B) indicates a material in which certain particle sizes are absent. This type of curve is known as a gap graded curve. 

The backbone consists of seven cervical vertebrae, twelve thoracic vertebrae, five lumbar vertebrae and three to five coccygeal vertebrae (taUbone sacrum ). The general function of the backbone is to sustain the head, torso and the arms and to make a stable posture possible. The backbone has natural curvatures in the cervical and lumbar areas of the back. Because of these curvatures the shape of the backbone is called a double-S shape . This special shape makes a straight posture possible and prevents overloads of the torso. The function of the shape is to absorb shocks that occur if you walk, run or during other movements whereby the spinal cord has to be protected. The motion in the spine can be realized because of the interaction of the intervertebral disks, joints, ligaments and muscles. 

X-Ray structure shows that Pd is coordinated to four S 55 atoms in a square planar fashion only long range weak axial interactions are observed with the two remaining S atoms, i.e. the conformation of the macrocycle is an S-shaped double boat, with the Pd11 ion at the molecular inversion centre... 

Figure 3.6 A DNA molecule s structure reveals its double helix shape, made up of its four nucleotides (guanine, cytosine, thymine, and adenine) twisted together, as well as its sugar-phosphate backbone.

The actual retina contact structure incorporates 12 or 24 independent electrodes, respectively. The electrodes were arranged concentrically to minimize the electrical stray field during stimulation. We established the microfabrication process for double metallization layers needed to obtain concentric microelectrodes. In a temper step, the electrodes were formed into a convex shape according to the curvature of the eye. The generation of convex shapes was possible since the stimulator was designed in concentric rings interconnected by s-shaped bridges (Fig. 26). 

Fig. 55. Molecular structure of [ U.-CH3Te)Fe2(CO)6 2 U,-Te(CH2)Te- U. ] (167). [Reprinted with kind permission from Mathur, P. Reddy, V. D. Das, K. Sinha, U. C. Synthesis and structural characterisation of a new methylene bridged double butterfly shaped complex [ ju.-CH3Te)Fe2(CO)6 2 M-Te(CH2)Te-M ]./. Organomet. Chem. 1991,409,255. Copyright 1991 Elsevier Science S. A., P.O. Box 564, 1001 Lausanne, Switzerland.]...

Air unusual type of low-pressure VLE belravior is tlrat of double azeotropy, in wlriclr the dew and bubble curves are S-shaped, tlrus yielding at different compositions both a miniimim-pressure and a inaximum-pressure azeotrope. Assuming that Eq. (12.11) applies, detennine under wliat circumstances double azeotropy is likely to occur. 

Benzene s bonding electrons spread evenly in a double-donut shape around the ring instead of remaining near individual atoms. 

Similarly to the case of the hydrophobic clay minerals described above, isotherms determined on HDP-palygorskite are S-shaped (Fig. 18). Surface modification by HDP" -cations has a double effect. On increasing the amount of HDP-cations the liquid sorption capacities decrease, since the micropores get clogged. On the other hand, the polarity of the surface decreases and the azeotropic composition indicates the displacement of the alcohol on the surface[50]. 

As discussed in Sect. 4, in the fluid, MCT-ITT flnds a linear or Newtonian regime in the limit y 0, where it recovers the standard MCT approximation for Newtonian viscosity rio of a viscoelastic fluid [2, 38]. Hence a yrio holds for Pe 1, as shown in Fig. 13, where Pe calculated with the structural relaxation time T is included. As discussed, the growth of T (asymptotically) dominates all transport coefficients of the colloidal suspension and causes a proportional increase in the viscosity j]. For Pe > 1, the non-linear viscosity shear thins, and a increases sublin-early with y. The stress vs strain rate plot in Fig. 13 clearly exhibits a broad crossover between the linear Newtonian and a much weaker (asymptotically) y-independent variation of the stress. In the fluid, the flow curve takes a S-shape in double logarithmic representation, while in the glass it is bent upward only. 

First, it has been supposed that the faradaic current instantaneously adjusts to a change in the double-layer potential. This means that all other quantities that affect the current, such as concentration of the reactive species and the coverage of adsorbates, are assumed to vary on a time scale that is much shorter than the time scale on which typical variations of the potential occur. In other words, all other quantities are assumed to adjust immediately to their equilibrium values and can be adiabatically eliminated. Second, chemical instabilities have been excluded. In the presence of chemical instabilities, the current is no longer a unique function of ( l and the state of the system is only defined when taking into account another variable. The absence of chemical instability also implies that a negative differential resistance can only be realized if the current-potential characteristics of the interface exhibit the shape of an N (or multiple Ns) as shown in Fig. 2(a). In contrast, an S-shaped characteristic, being just one example of another characteristic possessing an NDR, would require the existence of a chemical instability. 

Mixing screws — S-shaped kneader, Eagle mixing. Turbine mixing, Cohen double-wave, or Maillefer screws with pin-, blister ring-, fluted-, barrier-screw. Dynamic Extentional Flow Mixer (DEEM), etc. 

The double-hump shape of the free energy curve in Figure 15.3a has one other implication of interest to Earth scientists, metallurgists, materials scientists, and other people who work with solid solutions. This is a more subtle point, important in growing synthetic crystals or in analyzing exsolution properties in minerals. The two points marked Si and S2 are flex points of the free energy curve. Flex points (like the center point in the letter S) can be found from the second derivative of the curve, i.e., where... 

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