Double hard core model

Vasu (1972a,b) used the results of the above-mentioned works for the calculation of contact correlation function in molten salts on the basis of a double hard core model, which describes better the real situation in molten salts. This contact correlation function was applied in the calculation of viscosity and electrical conductivity of molten alkali... 

In this section, we present two simplified models that manifest many of the outstanding properties of water and aqueous solutions. The first is referred to as the primitive 1-D model, a simplified version of the earlier 1-D model published in 1992. It has the advantage of taking into account nothing but the principle mentioned above. It is shown that a double well is not really necessary. The implementation of the principle is achieved by defining only two distances the hard core diameter cr and the hydrogen-bonding (HB) distance cri with the requirement that (Ji> (j. ... 

In Chapter 1, we have discussed the potential and charge of hard particles, which colloidal particles play a fundamental role in their interfacial electric phenomena such as electrostatic interaction between them and their motion in an electric field [1 ]. In this chapter, we focus on the case where the particle core is covered by an ion-penetrable surface layer of polyelectrolytes, which we term a surface charge layer (or, simply, a surface layer). Polyelectrolyte-coated particles are often called soft particles [3-16]. It is shown that the Donnan potential plays an important role in determining the potential distribution across a surface charge layer. Soft particles serve as a model for biocolloids such as cells. In such cases, the electrical double layer is formed not only outside but also inside the surface charge layer Figure 4.1 shows schematic representation of ion and potential distributions around a hard surface (Fig. 4.1a) and a soft surface (Fig. 4.1b). 

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