Dose with fine adjustments

Variable dose—with fine adjustments. Here a vital function (blood pressure, blood sugar), that often changes rapidly in response to dose changes and can easily be measured repeatedly, provides the end-point. Adjustment of dose must be accurate. Adrenocortical replacement therapy falls into this group, whereas adrenocortical pharmacotherapy falls into the group above. 

Variable dose—with crude adjustments. Here fine adjustments make comparatively insignificant differences and the therapeutic end-point may be hard to measure (depression, anxiety), may change only slowly (thyrotoxicosis), or may very because of pathophysiological factors (analgesics, adrenal steroids for suppressing disease). 

The surface structure of spray-dried particles can be regarded as a key for fine particle adhesion in customer appUcations. This effect is needed for example, for inhalation therapies when fine active particles with d < 5 im are added to spray-dried carrier particles within the size range 60-100 im in order to obtain a dose unit with reasonable fiowabihty and with proper detachment properties of the fines. Experiments with mannitol (Maas et ol., 2009) gave rise to quite different surface morphologies when sprayed into air at different temperatures. In the case of low air exhaust temperatures, T= 80 °C, the carrier particles exhibit a fairly smooth surface. At an exhaust air temperature of T= 130 °C, the particles show rough surfaces formed by crystals covering the particle surface, see Fig. 6.5. In this case, the air temperature is a vehicle to adjust the desired adhesion properties. 

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