DOPA emulsions

FIGURE 15.15 The calculated enc sulation of PFOB in the emulsion system by phase region. (a) DOPA emulsion system demonstrated Regions a and c encapsulate PFOB more than 50%, and (b) lecithin emulsion system mostly encapsulates PFOB except Regions d and f. 

The cryoTEM images of the DOPA emulsion system for each phase region... 

DNPH. see 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine DOPA, conversion of, 395 Dough, washing, starch isolation, 675-676 DPH. see 1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene Drip loss in solid foods, 319, 321-322. see also Water retention Droplet concentration in emulsions, 516, 594-596... 

Rhodium compounds and complexes are also commercially important catalysts. The hydroformylation of propene to butanal (a precursor of hfr(2-ethyUiexyl) phthalate, the PVC plasticizer) is catalyzed by hydridocarbonylrhodium(I) complexes. Iodo(carbonyl)rhodium(I) species catalyze the production of acetic acid from methanol. In the flne chemical industry, rhodium complexes with chiral ligands catalyze the production of L-DOPA, used in the treatment of Parkinson s disease. Rhodium(II) carboxylates are increasingly important as catalysts in the synthesis of cyclopropyl compounds from diazo compounds. Many of the products are used as synthetic, pyrethroid insecticides. Hexacyanorhodate(III) salts are used to dope silver halides in photographic emulsions to reduce grain size and improve gradation. 

One of our designer materials is a CaP04-sheUed retrievable nanoreactor based on a DOPA-stabilized perfluorocarbon emulsion (see Table 15.1). Others include protein, polysaccharide, and polyethylene glycol-coated retrievable nanoreactors. Each contains a perfluoroocytlbromide core surrounded by one or more lipid stabilizers and a secondary coating (Table 15.1). 

The synthesis of CaP04-coated retrievable nanoreactors starts with the formation of an emulsion, and so the ternary phase diagram of the perfluoroctyl bromide, DOPA, water system was evaluated (Fig. 15.4). The initial evaluation revealed that the system exhibited three gel phases, an oil-water phase, and a water-in-oil phase. The oil-in-water phase appeared to be limited to a narrow region of the lower left comer of the phase diagram (Fig. 15.4). 

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