Donor-acceptor copolymers polymerization

Diketopyrrolopyrrole donor-acceptor copolymer semiconductors were synthesized by the Sfille coupling polymerization [150]. 

Chain-growth catalyst-transfer polycondensation (CTP) is a rapidly developing polymerization method, as it allows, in many cases, the above-mentioned limitations of step-growth polymerizations to be overcome. CTP provides a straightforward access to well-defined conjugated homopolymers (e.g., polythiophenes (1), polyfluorenes (2), polyphenylenes (3), etc.), alternate donor-acceptor copolymer e.g., 4) and all-conjugated block polymers (e.g., 5), Chart 20.1. 

The effective polymerization of fumarates is well-documented.It takes place to some extent in our experiments. Besides, NMR reveals signals characteristic of unsaturated end-groups which are likely due to transfer reactions. ESTMS of donor-acceptor copolymers derived from EVE and EAE copolymerized with DEE was carried out for gaining a deeper insight into chain termination. ... 

The radical-catalyzed polymerization of furan and maleic anhydride has been reported to yield a 1 1 furan-maleic anhydride copolymer (89,91). The stmcture of the equimolar product, as shown by nmr analyses, is that of an unsaturated alternating copolymer (18) arising through homopolymerization of the intermediate excited donor—acceptor complex (91,92). 

Like the vinyl ethers, isopropenyl acetate does not readily form homopolymers by free radical initiation. It does participate in the donor-acceptor mode of polymerization with maleic anhydride and the copolymer was made by free radical polymerization (see Table III). When attempts were made to measure molecular weight by GPC using THF as a solvent on STYRAGEL columns, the polymer did not elute. Therefore, viscosity in acetone at 30"C was used as a measure of molecular size changes on irradiation. The changes on exposure... 

Until recently periodic copolymers (consisting of more than two monomers) have been a more or less theoretical domain, treating special kinds of polycondensations rather than polymerizations. Not long ago, donor—acceptor complexes (often zwitterions) composed of two or more compounds (monomers) were discovered, homopolymerizing as a whole to yield periodic polymers. 

Keywords Donor-acceptor block copolymers Grignard metathesis polymerization... 

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