Docosahexaenoic acid disorders

There is some evidence that, in these patients, the interconversion between the polyunsaturated fatty acids is disturbed, which restricts the formation of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. Such children are less likely to have been breastfed (breast milk contains these omega-3 fatty acids) they are more likely to suffer from allergies associated with essential fatty acid deficiency and also dry skin and hair and the membranes of the erythrocytes contain less omega-3 fatty acids compared with normal children. So far, the results of supplementation of the diet of these children with this disorder have not been conclusive. 

Martinez M (1990) Severe deficiency of docosahexaenoic acid in peroxisomal disorders a defect of delta 4 desaturation Neurology 40 1292-1298... 

Farooqui A. A., Ong W. Y., and Horrocks L. A. (2003a). Plasmalogens, docosahexaenoic acid, and neurological disorders. In Roels F., Baes M., and de Bies S. (eds.), Peroxisomal Disorders and Regulation of Genes. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, London, pp. 335-354. 

Martinez M., Vazquez E., Garcia-Silva M. T., Manzanares J., Bertran J. M., Castello F., and Mougan I. (2000). Therapeutic effects of docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester in patients with generalized peroxisomal disorders. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 71 376S-385S. 

Complete metabolic pathways may not be operational in certain animal species and in human fat metabolism disorders. Some animals require linoleic and arachi-donic acid supplementation, although both are members of the n-6 family. Some carnivorous fish require eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA 5,8,ll,14,17-20 5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA 4,7,10,13,16,19-22 6n-3) rather than linolenic acid (9,12,15-18 3n-3) alone. 

Martinez, M. (1996) Docosahexaenoic acid therapy in docosahexaenoic acid-deficient patients with disorders of peroxisomal biogenesis. Lipids. 31 S145-S152. 

Martinez, M. and Vazquez, E. (1998) MRI evidence that docosahexaenoic acid ethyl ester improves myelination in generalized peroxisomal disorders. Neurology. 51 26-32. 

Martinez, M., Pineda, M., Vidal, R., Conill, J. and Martin, B. (1993) Docosahexaenoic acid— a new therapeutic approach to peroxisomal disorder patients experience with two cases. Neurology. 43 1389-1397. 

Docosahexaenoic Acid Therapy for Disorders of Peroxisome Biogenesis... 

Austead N. Innis SM. de la Presa Owens S. Auditory evoked response and brain phospholipids fatty acids and monoamines in rats fed formula with out without arachidonic acid (AA) and/or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Brain Uptake and Utilization of Fatty Acids. Conference Organizations W atkins P, Spector A, Hamilton J. Katz. R. Applications to Peroxisomal Biogenesis Disorders. National Institutes of Health Conference, Bethesda. MD, 2000, p. 3. 

Farooqui AA, Ong WY, Horrocks LA (2003) Plasmalogens, docosahexaenoic acid and neurological disorders. Adv Exp Med Biol 544 335-354... 

Schaefer EJ, Bongard V, Beiser AS, Lamon-Fava S, Robins SJ, Au R, Tucker KL, Kyle DJ, Wilson PW, Wolf PA (2006) Plasma phosphatidylcholine docosahexaenoic acid content and risk of dementia and Alzheimer disease the Framingham heart study. Arch Neurol 63 1545-1550 Schmitt FA, van Dyck CH, Wichems CH, Olin JT For the Memantine MEM-MD-02 Study Group (2006) Cognitive response to memantine in moderate to severe Alzheimer disease patients already receiving donepezU an exploratory reanalysis. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 20 255-262... 

Docosahexaenoic Acid Synthesis in Peroxisomal Disorders, Studies In Vitro and In Vivo Hui-Min Su, Phyllis L. Faust, Ann B. Moser,... 

Docosahexaenoic Acid Synthesis in Peroxisomal Disorders Studies In Vitro and In Vivo... 

For patients with abnormal peroxisome biogenesis, the possibilities for treatment are very poor. Supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid is now being tested in patients with the milder forms of disorders of peroxisome biogenesis. 

Infante, J.P. and Huszagh, V.A. (1997) On the molecular etiology of decreased arachidonic (20 4n-6), docosapentaenoic (22 5n-6) and docosahexaenoic (22 6n-3) acids in Zellweger syndrome and other peroxisomal disorders. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 168, 101-115. 

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