Display level

Shusta, E. V., Kieke, M. C., Park, E., Kranz, D. M., and Wittrup, K. D. (1999a). Yeast polypeptide fusion surface display levels predict thermal stability and soluble secretion efficiency./. Mol. Biol. 292, 949-956. 

The selection efficiency is also dependent on the percentage of phage(mid) particles which display a particular antibody. This usually varies between 1 % and 10%, although it can be far lower [14]. The selection of two antibodies with similar affinities but different display levels will result in the preferential recovery of the antibody with the highest display level. The level of display is the result of a number of different parameters, including (1) antibody folding within the periplasm, (2) resistance to proteolysis, (3) resistance to aggregation, and (4) toxicity to the bacterial expression host. 

Figure 5. Example of the displayed level history. At time tf a mixer is malfunctioning in stage n and replaced at time U- Stage n-1 is the next stage in the direction of the organic phase flow.

The presence of the enzyme-g3p fusion protein should also be detected by western blot analysis with an anti-g3P and/or an anti-enzyme antibody. With anti-g3p detection, the relative intensities of the fusion and the free g3p proteins should be in qualitative agreement with the displayed level evaluated by the ratio between the enzyme and the phage concentration. 

Displayed enzyme Size (kD) Fusion Display Display level References... 

Content of user displays Levels of user access for different user groups Digital/analogue inputs/outputs to external equipment Serial inputs/outputs to external equipment Parallel communications to external equipment Network communications to external equipment... 

Screening PSMA Binding Peptide Display Levels by Spot Assay... 

Although implementations of multitone analysis vary from one vendor to the next, plots of level vs. frequency, level difference between charmek, phase difference between channek vs. frequency, and noise and/or distortion vs. frequency are among those typically provided. Figures 20.15 and 20.16 show two of these multitone displays, levels vs. frequency (frequency response) and level/phase differences between channels plotted against frequency. An audio spectrum display, such as the one shown in Fig. 20.14, k also a valuable tool when combined with the multitone signal. 

For the purpose of illustration, the situation for three different times, i = 0, t = 1, t = 2, is displayed in Figure 3 for a simple example, a growing circle in (3). The displayed level, at each time t, is the level representing the front 7(f). The other levels would spread out (inwards and outwards) like rings in water from the mid-node, representing different distance measures. We decided to use the zero level as front indicator, but any other level would do as well. 

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