Disease polygenic

Cacabelos, R. (2007) Molecular pathology and pharmacogenomics in Alzheimer s disease Polygenic-related effects of multifactorial treatments on cognition, anxiety, and depression. Meth. Find. Exper. Clin. Pharmacol., 29(suppl. B), 1-91. 

There is a polygenic inheritance pattern which may account for disease susceptibility and expression.7 Family... 

Weeks D, Lathrop G. Polygenic disease methods for mapping complex disease traits. Trends Genet 1995 11 513-519. 

The development of autoimmune disease depends on a combination of genetic and environmental factors (Figure 24.1).3-5-28 Most autoimmune diseases are thought to be polygenic, involving more than one gene, and depend on the accretion of a number of genetic traits.5-10... 

There is also the need to understand the relationship between gene structural defects and protein functions as it may be reflected in disease penetrance, or polygenic disorders. 

The term multifactorial refers to the fact that most common diseases are caused by multiple factors their expression is influenced simultaneously by multiple genes (i.e., a polygenic component) and by environmental factors. Because multiple factors are involved in the causation of these traits, they tend to foUow a normal ( bell-shaped ) distribution. An example would be the distribution of diastolic blood pressures in a population (Fig II-5-1). Other traits that have multiple genetic and environmental components include height, we t, and IQ. 

There is a very strong genetic component to type 2 diabetes, with evidence favoring a polygenic disease mechanism but with few of these genes definitively identified. 

Genetic mechanisms play a primary role in determining body weight. Obesity behaves as a complex polygenic disease, involving interactions between multiple genes and the environment. 

Type 1 diabetes is a polygenic disease (different genes contribute to its expression) it can be dominant, recessive or intermediate. The gene IDDMl, located in the MHC class II region on chromosome 6, is believed to be responsible for the histocompatibility disorder characteristic of type 1 diabetes. Insulin-producing pancreas cells (/8-cefls) display improper antigens to T-ceUs,... 

The large number of human SNPs has so far seldom shown the way to a new drug target, but this may change as we learn about polygenic complex diseases. 

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