Discontinuous deformation

The perturbation selection breaks the invariance of the SAC/SAC-Cl energies on the unitary transformation of orbitals among the occupied and/or unoccupied manifolds. This is the source of the discontinuity in the potential energy surface, if the external perturbation induces a large (sudden) mixing of orbitals within the occupied and unoccupied orbitals. Suppose a deformation of benzene from the Dgh geometry to less symmetric one, the degenerate set of orbitals in occupied or unoccupied manifold makes a sudden (discontinuous) deformation of MOs (see Ref. [44] for some details]. The MOD method [46] can solve this problem that may occur in the optimization... 

MODELLING GROUNDWATER PRESSURE AND THERMAL LOADING IN THREE-DIMENSIONAL DISCONTINUOUS DEFORMATION ANALYSIS... 

Jang, H.I. Lee, C.I. 2002. Development of a three-dimensional discontinuous deformation analysis technique and its application to toppling failure. Proc. of the 5 intern, conference on analysis of discontinuous deformation, Wuhan, China, pp.225-229. 

Jing, L.R., Ma, Y. Fang, Z.L. 2001. Modeling of fluid flow and solid deformation for fractured rocks with discontinuous deformation analysis (DDA) method. Int. J Rock Mech Min Sci 38 pp.343-355. 

Kim, Y.I., Amadei, B. Pan, E. 1999. Modeling the effect of water, excavation sequence and rock reinforcement with discontinuous deformation analysis. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 36 pp.949-970. 

Lin, C.T., Amadei, B., Jung, J. Dwyer, J. 1996. Extensions of discontinuous deformation analysis for jointed rock masses. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 33 pp.671-694. 

Shi, G.H. 1988. Discontinuous deformation analysis-a new numerical model for the statics and dynamics of block system. Ph.D. Thesis, Dept, of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley. 

Shi, G.H. 2001. Theory and examples of three dimensional discontinuous deformation analyses. Proc. of the 2 Asian Rock Mechanics Symposium, Beijing, China, pp.27-... 

Yeung, M.R., S.C. Blair 1999. Analysis of large block test data using the DDA method. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Analysis of Discontinuous Deformation, Vail, Colorado, USA, pp.141-150. 

Yeung, M.R., Jiang, Q.H. Sun, N. 2003. Validation of block theory and three-dimensional discontinuous deformation atmlysis as wedge stability analysis methods. International Journal of Rock Mechanics Mining Sciences 40(2) pp.265-275. 

In 1981, Bernstein and Zapas [10] extended the work of Ericksen [11] (which describes the discontinuous deformations of solid elastic bars) to viscoelastic materials which obey the Bernstein, Kearsley, and Zapas (BKZ) theory [12]. As in the case of Ericksen s work, the Bernstein and Zapas treatment cannot predict a priori when the material will exhibit the phenomenon of necking, but it does give an explanation for the formation of the neck, which depends on the stretch history. Most recently we have obtained experimental data, using a variety of stress and strain histories, on isotactic polypropylene, the mechanical behavior of which can be described fairly well by the BKZ theory [13]. In most cases the experiments were carried out up to and beyond the point of necking until fracture occurred. In what follows we present these results and also some results obtained on several different linear polyethylenes. 

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