Disaccharides enzymic synthesis

Yuasa H, Hindsgaul O, Palcic MM (2002) Chemical-enzymic synthesis of 5 -thio-N-acetyllactosamine the first disaccharide with sulfur in the ring of the non-reducing sugar. J Am Chem Soc 114 5891-5892... 

Svensson SCT, Thiem J. Purification of a-fucosidase by C-glycosylic affinity chromatography, and the enzymic synthesis of a-fucosyl disaccharides Carbohydr. Res. 1990 200 391-402. 

K. G. I. Nilsson, A simple strategy for changing the regioselectivity of glycosidase-catalysed formation of disaccharides Part II, Enzymic synthesis in situ of various acceptor glycosides,... 

Since the earliest studies of A. C. Hill/ published in 1898, our understanding of the synthesis of complex saccharides has evolved through several stages. The first enzymic synthesis of disaccharides and glycosides... 

P-ACL), or undecaprenyl phosphate (see p. 396). (The enzymic synthesis of this lipid has been reported. ) The disaccharide-lipid, or L-rhamnosyl-D-galactosyl-PP-ACL, therefore corresponds to undecaprenyl (L-rhamnosyl-D-galactosyl pyrophosphate). 

P. S. J. Cheetam, A. J. Hacking, and M. Vlitos, Synthesis of novel disaccharides by a newly isolated fructosyltransferase from Bacillus subtilis, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 11 (1989) 212-219. 

The structures of polyprenyl diphosphate-linked intermediates of Salmonella O-specific-polysaccharide biosynthesis were confirmed by chemical synthesis of their analogs derived from the plant polyprenols ficaprenol and moraprenol (structurally related to bacterial polyprenol57) with the following study of their behavior as substrates of enzymic reactions. Synthetic polyprenyl a-D-galactopyranosyl diphosphate291,292 was found to serve as an effective acceptor for the transfer of L-rhamnosyl groups.293"295 Two synthetic, isomeric disaccharide derivatives,292 13 and296 14, were tested as acceptors for enzymic D-mannosyl transfer from GDP-Man, but only the former was found to be an efficient substrate.294... 

The use of ester-cleaving enzymes is probably going to be one of the most useful biological-chemical methods in the synthetic laboratory. No example of this type of reaction has hitherto been published in the Organic Syntheses series of procedures. So far, the only biological-chemical Organic Synfheses-procedures are two yeast reductions,4 5 one oxidation with horse-liver-alcohol-dehydrogenase,6 and a disaccharide synthesis catalyzed by emulsin.7 The procedure described here is... 

The stimulation of the synthesis of the cellulase system of T. reesei QM 9414 by sophorose was established as shown by the results of experiments summarized in Table IV. Other than sophorose, of the glycosides and oligosaccharides tested, only lactose caused even a limited production of the enzymes of the cellulase system. Lactose is not as closely related structurally to sophorose as is, for example, the disaccharide laminaribiose it is more closely related structurally to cellobiose, which, despite being the major product of cellulose breakdown, does not promote enzyme production under the conditions of this experiment. It was noted that both intra- and extracellular constitutive enzyme levels produced by cells growing on glucose (or by resting cells without inducer, Table IV) are less than 0.5% of the fully induced levels and thus are negligible. 

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