Disability duration

The number of deaths caused x the standard life expectancy at the age of death The number of incidents x disability weighting factor x the average duration of the case until remission or death... 

Preventive treatment should be considered if headache frequency is more than two per week, duration is greater than 3 to 4 hours, or severity results in medication overuse or substantial disability. 

The most important prognostic factors in autoimmune inflammatory disease are, disease duration, the degree of disease activity-dependent radiological erosion, previous drug therapy and previous exposure to immunosuppressants (IMN), i.e. IMN naivety. Early autoimmune inflammation can be totally eradicated, irreversible disability and damages can be prevented when adequate treatment has been initiated. 

Obsessive-compulsive, tic, and movement disorders in childhood and adolescence are now recognized as relatively common neuropsychiatric disorders, varying in severity, duration of symptom exacerbations, and degree of disability. In some children, the symptoms of these disorders are distinct and easily defined, whereas others display ever-changing combinations of obsessions, compulsions, abnormal motor movements, and tics that may be a mix of transient, chronic, simple, complex, vocal, or motor tics. 

In a retrospective case analysis, fluoxetine (20 to 80 mg daily) and paroxetine (20 to 40 mg daily) were found to be effective in approximately one-quarter of adults (mean age, 39 years) with intellectual disability and autistic traits (Branford et al., 1998). The sample consisted of all intellectually disabled subjects who had been treated with a SSRI over a 5-year period within a health-care service in Great Britain. The mean duration of treatment was 13 months. Target symptoms were perseverative behaviors, aggression, and self-injurious behavior. Six of 25 subjects treated with fluoxetine and 3 of 12 subjects given paroxetine were rated as much improved or very much improved on the CGI. 

Organotin Compounds. Respiratory depression requiring artificial ventilation occurred in three of six chemical workers. The exposure duration was a total of 1.5 hours over a 3-day working period to a mixture containing half dimethyltin and half trimethyltin chloride (Rey et al. 1984). Although the two surviving workers, who were the most severely affected, developed permanent neurological disabilities, respiratory problems did not persist. 

On the basis of its review of human and experimental animal health-effects and related data, the subcommittee concludes that the Navy s proposed SEAL 2 of 75 ppm for ammonia is too conservative. The subcommittee recommends a SEAL 2 of 125 ppm. This value is based on a controlled human study in which volunteers exposed to ammonia at 140 ppm experienced severe throat irritation and left the exposure chamber within 1.25 h, while volunteers exposed at 110 ppm reported eye and throat irritation but did not leave the exposure chamber for the duration of the experiment (2 h) (Verberk 1977). Ferguson et al. (1977) observed only transient irritation of the eyes and throat after extended exposures (2-6 h/d, 5 d/wk for 110 ppm), and there was no evidence that such exposure caused decreased pulmonary function or affected mental ability. The crew of a disabled submarine should be able to tolerate the irritant effects from exposure to ammonia at concentrations below 125 ppm for up to 24 h. 

Panic disorder typically starts in the third decade of life, although it may start in childhood or late in life as well. It is a recurrent, chronic, and disabling condition, in which relapses after remission are common. Panic disorder affects females twice as often as males, and after remission, women are more likely to relapse than men. The long duration of illness and the presence of agoraphobia portend a less favorable prognosis. Suicide risk is comparable to that seen among patients with major depression. 

Cerebral ischemia, (i.e., absolute or relative shortage of blood supply to a part of the brain such as following an ischemic stroke) is a serious condition that can lead to physical impairment or death. Stroke is a leading cause of death and adult disability in the industrialized part of the world (Thom et al., 2006). The outcome of a cerebral ischemic episode is greatly influenced by the duration, that is, the time from onset of ischemia until reperfusion treatment is directed at the cause of the impaired blood supply, that is, thrombolysis or surgical intervention (e.g., see the review by Juttler et al., 2006). 

NSAID-related dyspepsia Duration of NSAID use Helicobacter pylori infection Rheumatoid arthritis (extent of disability)... 

What was common to both those claiming lone parent and disability benefits was that while the flow into these benefits was relatively steady, the average duration of such benefit claims increased. There were no work requirements for those on inactive benefits and most who claimed them had little contact with employment-related services. 

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