Direct Toxic Action Tissue Lesions

there are a number of different reasons why an organ might be a target  

The ability to metabolize the compound and the balance of toxication/detoxication systems 

the distribution of the parent compound or metabolite(s) into the target tissue(s), metabolism and excretion in such tissues, and the interaction with receptors or other critical 

The bile canaliculi form a network, which feed into ductules, which become bile ducts (Fig. 6.3). The structural and functional unit of the liver is the lobule, which is usually described in terms of the hepatic acinus (Fig. 6.5), based on the microcirculation in the lobule. When the lobule is considered in structural terms, it may be described as either a classical or a portal lobule (see Glossary ). The acinus comprises a unit bounded by two portal tracts and terminal hepatic or central venules, where a portal tract is composed of a portal venule, bile ductile, and hepatic arteriole (Fig. 6.5). Blood flows from the portal tract toward the central 

The close proximity of the blood in the sinusoids with the hepatocytes allows efficient exchange of compounds, both endogenous and exogenous, and consequently foreign compounds are taken up very readily into hepatocytes. For example, the drug propranolol is extensively extracted in the first pass through the liver. 

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Most authors agree that the damage to nerve cells in ganglia after acute cadmium intoxication is secondary to the vascular lesions.In vivO it is almost impossible to discriminate the direct toxic actions of cadmium on nerve cells from the effects of vascular damage. In tissue cultures however the vascular effects... 

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