DIRECT GASIFICATION

Figure 3.3 Direct gasification routes to hydrogen conversion from biomass.

Figure 3.3 provides the reader with a summary of the leading direct gasification routes of biomass to hydrogen conversion. 

Several methods of gasification were patented outside of Russia, For example, in the process patented in USA (Ref 5) elec current, passed bet" electrodes introduced into underground coal seam, generates enough heat to carbonize part of coal and creates low resistance path. Continued heating causes direct gasification of nart of the fuel, and subsequent introduction of air permits recovery of addnl gasified products... 

Because the use of concentrated solar radiation for direct gasification of biomass materials results in the formation of little or no char without reliance on the water gas or Boudouard reactions, solar flash pyrolysis of biomass holds unusual promise for the economical production of liquid and gaseous fuels from renewable resources. 

Direct Gasification of Coal with Production of Syngas (H2-CO) in Electric Arc Plasma of Water Vapor... 

A is the reactant. B is a single direct gasification saddle point B3 is a triplet direct gasification saddle point. C shows migration to a surface complex saddle point. D is a surface complex. E] is a singlet gasification from surface complex saddle point. E3 is a triplet gasification... 

Dutta, A., Phillips, S. (2009). Thermochemical Ethanol via Direct Gasification and Mixed Alcohol Synthesis of Lignocellulosic Biomass, NREL Technical Report, No. TP-510-45913, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Colorado, USA. 

Higher temperatures (400-750°C) and pressures result in direct gasification, creating a product consisting of methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and anunonia. With some purification, this synthesis gas can also be used to produce liquid fuels such as methanol (Hirano et al., 1998). However, there are few studies on this approach. 

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