5- -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium

Synthesis of 2-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-3,5-diphenyltetrazolium tetrafluoro-borate (54).16 To a stirred solution of 7.0 g of l-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,5-... 

Liu Y, Schubert D. Cytotoxic amyloid peptides inhibit cellular 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MMT) reduction by enhancing MTT formazan exocytosis. J Neurochem 1997 69 2285-2293. 

C18Hi9Br-N404+ 5-a-D-Lyxofuranosyl-2,3-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (PLYXTZ)107... 

The plates are removed from the incubator and 20 pi of MTT [3-(4,5-dimcthylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] at 5 mg ml-1 (in PBS) is added to each well with a multichannel pipette. The plates are left to stand for 1—4 h and are then scored for the presence of colonies with a Titertek mirror-box, which allows direct viewing of the bottom surface of the plates. 

A colorimetric version of the method uses a tetrazolium salt. The oxidation of the NADH is coupled to the reduction of 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide by a diaphorase (EC 1.6.4.3) and a deep blue formazan develops. The absorbance is read at a wavelength between 540 and 600 nm. This is more sensitive than the ultraviolet method but is more prone to interference, especially from any reducing agents present in the sample, which will result in a positive error. 

The reaction of sodium azide with N-aryl chloroimines, obtained from benzanilides and thionyl chloride, to form 1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles is catalysed by tetra-n-butyl-ammonium bromide (Scheme 5.26, Table 5.40) [18] in variable yields, but generally <85%. 5-Butyl-2,3-diphenyltetrazolium salts have also been used as catalysts [18, 19]. 1,5-Disubstituted tetrazoles are also obtained from a one-pot sequential reaction of carbodimides with sodium azide and an aroyl chloride in the presence of tetra-n-butylammonium chloride [20]. 5-Chlorotetrazoles are obtained from the catalysed reaction of aryldichloroisocyanides with sodium azide (Scheme 5.26) [21],... 

A confluent monolayer of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was grown in 96-well plates. Serial tenfold dilutions in minimal essential medium were prepared from the aliquots of allantoic fluid taken from the irradiated specimen. These dilutions were applied to MDCK cells and incubated for 48 h at 36 °C in 5% C02. The cells were then washed two times for 5 min with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and incubated for 1 h with 100 pi of 0.5 mg/ml solution of 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazolyl-2) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT, ICN Biochemicals Inc., Aurora, Ohio). After lh, the colored deposit was dissolved in 100 pi DMSO, and optical density in the wells was measured on plate reader Victor 1420 (Perkin Elmer, Finland). Based on the data obtained, the infectious titer of the vims was determined as a decimal logarithm of reciprocal to the dilution of the specimen causing destruction of 50% of cells. The inhibiting action of irradiation was evaluated by decreasing the vims titer. 

Reaction with MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, Sigma ) was carried out in 96-well plate at 37 °C in thermostat (Carmichael et al., 1987). The cells were incubated for 0.5, 2, and 5 h in RPMI1640 medium in the presence or absence of fullerenes C60 samples, then MTT was added, and incubation continued for 2h. The content of generated formazane was evaluated by spectrophotometry at the wavelength of X = 570 nm at the digital spectrophotometer IFCO-2 (ABOTEK, Russia). 

In our laboratory, the viability of excised porcine buccal mucosa was assessed using histological evaluation and a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) biochemical assay which has previously been used in assessing the viability of excised buccal mucosa and cornea [49, 50], Histological evaluation of tissue demonstrated that the buccal epithelium appeared viable up to 9 h postmortem, and this was supported by the MTT biochemical assay, which indicated that viability was maintained for up to 12 h [80], Therefore, we recommend that all permeation experiments using porcine buccal mucosa be performed within 9-12 h of animal death. 

The MTT method is simple, accmate and yields reproducible results. The key component is (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) or MTT. Mitochondrial dehydrogenases of viable cells cleave the tetrazolium ring, yielding prrrple formazan crystals insolnble in aqueous solutions. The crystals are dissolved in acidified isopropanol. The resrrlting ptuple solution is measured spectrophotometrically. An increase or decrease in cell number results in a concomitant... 

Thiadiazolines were also obtained by a 1,5-dipolar ring reconstruction of mesoionic ylides. The bromine adduct of 2,3-diphenyltetrazolium-5-thiolate (181) reacts with the sodium salt of diethyl malonate to yield as the only product 5,5-bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-4-phenyl-2-phenylazo-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-thiadiazole (182) (Scheme 33). The same type of product was obtained from reactions with ethyl cyanoacetate and ethyl acetoacetate <88BCJ2979>. 

Protective effect of broccoli, onion, carrot, and licorice extracts against cytotoxity of N-nitrosamines evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. J AgrEoodChem 1998 46(2) 585-589. DCl 17 DC 105 Kiuchi, F. Studies on the nematocidal constituents of natural medicines. Nat Med 1995 49(4) 364-372. 

Diphenylcarbodiaxone [called C-Hydroxyr diphenyltetrazolium Betaine or 1,2-Diphenyl-5-oxa-l,2,3,6-tetrazabicyclo [2.1.1]-1(6),3-hexadiene in CA Coll Formula Index 14-40 (1920-46), p718 [(called Diphenylcarbodiazon or Anhydrid of 2.3-Diphenyl-5-oxytetrazolium-hydroxid in Ger)... 

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