Diphenyl phosphate, effect

Fig. 1 Micellar effects upon reaction of p-nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphate with benzimidazolide ion (solid points) open points are for reaction in the absence of benzimidazole , 10 4 M benzimidazole, pH 10.7 , 1.2 x 10-4 M benzimidazole, pH 11 O, pH 10.7, and 11 respectively. The solid lines are theoretical. (Reprinted by permission of the American Chemical Society)...

FIGURE 12. Effect of CTABr on reactivity for reactions of 4-nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphate with 4-nitrobenzaldoximate ( ) and 2-quinoUnealdoximate (O) ions. Reprinted with permission from Bunton and Ihara, J. Org. Chem., 42, 2865. Copyright (1977) American Chemical Society... 

The sapphyrin-modified silica gels also proved effective for HPLC separation of various anions other than phosphates, but not neutral or cationic species. For instance, various monoanionic species such as diphenyl phosphate, benzene sulfonic acid, phenyl arsenate, phenyl phosphate, and benzoate could all be separated from each other. Nucleotide mono-, di-, and triphosphates such as AMP, ADP, and ATP were also retained on these columns and were found to be readily separable from one another under isochratic HPLC conditions. Likewise, in what is still unpublished work, it has been found that these columns can be used to separate... 

The flame retardant mechanism of PC/ABS compositions using bisphenol A bis(diphenyl phosphate) (BDP) and zinc borate have been investigated (54). BDP affects the decomposition of PC/ABS and acts as a flame retardant in both the gas and the condensed phase. The pyrolysis was studied by thermogravimetry coupled with fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FUR) and nuclear magnetic-resonance spectroscopy. Zinc borate effects an additional hydrolysis of the PC and contributes to a borate network on the residue. 

Fig. 12. Effect of phenyl phosphate on the reaction of p nitrophonyl diphenyl phosphate in 3 X 10 3 mCTAB and 0-015 m borate buffer at 25 0 0rpH 7-5 O, pH 9-5 (Bunton et al.f 1969).

Table 9-9, from Rowe and Dickert s investigation of solutions of diisopropyl dithiophosphates in n-hexadecane [19], lists the rates of wear in parallel with the coefficients of friction for steel against steel and copper against steel. A strong effect from the presence of dithiophosphate is seen for steel on steel in the sharp decrease in both the wear rates and the coefficients of friction relative to that with uncompounded hexadecane as the lubricant. For copper against steel, the wear rate decreases significantly, particularly with the metal salts of diisopropyl dithiophosphate, but the coefficient of friction is not altered systematically. Table 9-10 shows the frictional behavior of hardened alloy cast iron in the presence of decalin solutions of triphenyl phosphate and diphenyl phosphate [15]. The mechanisms governing the action of phosphates and dithiophosphates are discussed in Chapter 11. 

Pyrolysis of 1 mol of DOP yielded 0.97 mol of 2-ethylhexene-l and 0.78 mol of 2-ethylhexanol. Pyrolysis of 1 mol of DOS yielded two mols of 2-ethylhexene-l. This seems to suggest that alcohol is produced as a side effect of anhydride formation because no alcohol was formed from DOS which does not form anhydride. Triaiyl phosphates have high boihng temperatures and are thermally stable but aryl alkyl phosphates are not. The 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate undergoes decomposition at 170°C ... 

Melt flow rate depends on the type and the concentration of plasticizer selected. Resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) at a concentration of 4 wt% almost doubled the melt flow rate being substantially more effective than triphenyl phosphate. Mineral oil did not affect the melt flow when added at 2 wt% but reduced it when the concentration was doubled. This, and the effects on mechanical properties, indicate that phosphate compounds interact with polymer chains (as typical of plasticizers) whereas mineral oil acts as an external lubricating oil that is incompatible with the polymer. 

Arylphosphates are also possible candidates of flame-retardant additives. Wang et al. [124, 125] reported the effects of 4-isopropyl phenyl diphenyl phosphate (IPPP) addition on the thermal stability of LiPF /EC+DEC electrolyte. Addition of 5 mass% of IPPP showed positive effects on the decrease in the onset temperature and exothermic behavior of the electrolyte solution [125]. A flame-propagation test was also examined for the electrolyte containing IPPP. Addition of 15 wt% (% in... 

The effectiveness of three isomers, 2-, 3- and 4-hydroxyiminomethyl-l-pyridinium iodide (61) as agents to catalyse the hydrolysis in cationic micellar media of p-nitrophenyl acetate (PNPA) and p-nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphate (PNPDPP) were studied at pH 8. The 2-isomer was found to be the most effective for the hydrolysis of the carboxylic ester PNPA, but the 4-isomer for the hydrolysis of the triphosphate ester PNPDPP. ... 

Aromatic esters of phosphoric acid are also sometimes used. They can have a plasticization effect but can also act as flame retardants. They are used in some specialty PVC applications, cellulose acetate film applications, and polyphenylene oxide blends. Examples include triphenyl phosphate and resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate). 

Jang, B.N. Wilkie, C.A. The effects of triphenylphosphate and resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) on the thermal degradation of polycarbonate in air. Thermochim. Acta 2005, 433, 1-12. 

Shim E-G, Nam T-H, Kim J-G, Kim H-S, Moon S-1 (2009) Effects of trioctyl phosphate and cresyl diphenyl phosphate as flame-retarding additives for Li-ion battery electrolytes. Met Mater htt 15 615-621. doi 10.1007/sl2540-009-0615-5... 

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