Diffusion path of oxide ions

Diffusion Path of Oxide Ions in the Fast Oxide Ion Conductor (Lao.8Sro.2)(Gao.8Mgo.i5Coo.os)t)2.8 [101... 

Diffusion Path of Oxide Ions in an Oxide Ion Conductor, Lao.64(Tio.92Nbo.o8)02.99, with a Double Perovskite-Type Structure [11]... 

Fig. 6.9 (a) Refined crystal structure and (b) isosurface of nuclear density at 2 fm A for Lao.6Sro.4Co03 3 at 1531 K [12]. The arrowi denote possible diffusion paths of oxide ions. The dashed straight line is the edge of the CoOg octahedron... 

Structural Disorder and Diffusion Path of Oxide Ions in a Doped Pr2Ni04"Based Mixed Ionic-Electronic Condnctor (Pro.9Lao.i)2(Nio.74Cno.2iGao.os)04+5 with a K2NiF4-Type Structure [15]... 

Formation of the electrochemically reduced nanoscale Sn particles is the main purpose of using tin oxide instead of metallic Sn. The nanoscale Sn particles facilitate insertion/deinsertion of lithium ions by shortening of the diffusion paths for lithium ions. 

We studied the nuclear density distributions of Ceo.5Zro.5O2 at 1832 K and of Ce02 at 1826 K by in situ neutron diffraction and MEM (Fig. 1.31). The nuclear density distribution of oxide ions in Ceo.5Zro.5O2 (Fig. 1.31(a)) indicates the large positional disorder of oxide ions, spreading over a wide area and a shift to the <111> directions. Possible diffusion paths of the oxide ions can be seen along the... 

Some 4503, 5 perovskite-structured materials, where A and B represent larger and smaller cations, are ionic conductors, while some other 503 s perovskite-type compounds are mixed conductors. Heavy elements such as La and Ba occupy the A site, but because the mobile O anion is a light element, conventional X-ray powder diffractometry is not sensitive to positional and occupational disordering of oxide ions. To investigate the diffusion path of mobile oxide ions, and structural disorder and crystal structure in perovskite-structured ionic and mixed conductors [5, 6, 8, 10-14], we applied a high-temperature neutron powder diffraction method. Our reasons for choosing this method were as follows [24] ... 

Data Processing for Elucidation of the Diffusion Paths of Mobile Oxide Ions in Ionic Conductors Rietveld Analysis, Maximum Entropy Method (MEM), and MEM-Based Pattern Fitting (MPF)... 

Fig. 6.8 Nuclear density distribution in the ab plane atz = 0.2 (0 < jc, y < 2 ) of double perovskite-type PAjmmm Lao.64(Tio.92Nbo.o8 02.99 at (a) 1631 K, (b) 1281 K, and (c) 769 K [11]. Contours are in the range 0.05-0.35 fm A with steps of 0.05 ftnA. The solid line in (a) denotes the curved diffusion path of the oxide ions, and the dotted line denotes the direct path between ideal positions. At low temperature (769 K), oxide ions are localized near the equilibrium position (see (c)) at high temperature (1631 K), the oxide ions are dispersed over a wide area between the regular positions (see (a))...

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