Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide

Decrease in lung capacity, alveolar volume, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide values remained depressed for at least 72 h after last exposure. Persistent inflammation of proximal portion of alveolar ducts and adjacent alveoli. 

Diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide (measurement of alveolar gas exchange)... 

Hypoxaemia (Pa02 < 70 mm Hg) is observed in 45-69% of patients suffering from cirrhosis or liver insufficiency. Only rarely has severe hypoxaemia been demonstrated (Pa02 < 50 mm Hg). (6, 32, 51, 52, 56) Intrapulmonary vasodilations could be ascertained in 13-47% of liver transplant candidates. (27) In about 50% of all cirrhotic patients, a decline in the diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide was detected. (24) About 30% of cirrhotic patients showed no (physiological) reduction in pulmonary vasoconstriction under conditions of hypoxia. The prevalence of HPS in cirrhotic patients varies between 4% and 19%. It occurs more... 

COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Dlco diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide DPI dry powder inhaler FEVi forced expiratory volume in 1 second FVC forced vital capacity... 

DKIE Decontamination Kit, Individual Equipment Dlco lung diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide DM diphenylaminearsine, also called adamsite 4-DMAP 4-dimethylaminophenol... 

Physiological evaluations of individuals with CBD detected using workplace screening reveals a variety of physiological patterns, including normal, obstructive, restrictive, or mixed spirometric patterns. Diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide may be normal or reduced (Maier 2002a). An important clinical difference between CBD and sarcoidosis is that extrathoracic involvement is rare in CBD. 

The diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (CO) is a measure of the ability of the alveolar capillary membrane to transfer or conduct gases from the alveoli to the blood. This transport process is entirely a passive one brought about by diffusion. As described previously in Section 2.2, the barriers for diffusion consist of surfactant, alveolar epithelium, interstitital fluid, capillary endothelium, plasma, and the red blood cell membrane. 

Ogilvie, C. M., R. E. Forster, W. S. Blakemore, and J. W. Morton, 1957, A Standardized Breath Holding Technique for the Clinical Measurement of the Diffusing Capacity of the Lung for Carbon Monoxide, J. Clin, Invest., 36 1-17. 

Lamberto C, Nunes H, Le Toumelin P, et al. Membrane and capillary blood components of diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide in pulmonary sarcoidosis relation to exercise gas exchange. Chest 2004 125(6) 2061-2068. 

Most of the patients with allergic alveolitis show decreased lung function with a typical restrictive pattern (Rankin et al. 1962 Bishop et al. 1963 Williams 1963 Hapke et al. 1968). Obstructive changes have been described, however (Pepys and Jenkins 1965 Warren et al. 1978 Bourke et al. 1989). In addition, there is a decrease in the diffusion capacity (the transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide TL,CO) due to the inflammatory infiltration in the alveolar septa (Williams 1963 Seal et al. 1968 Warren et al. 1978). Lung... 

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