Differential synthesis

The activity of a cyclin-CDK complex changes during the cell cycle through differential synthesis of CDKs, specific degradation of cyclin, phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of critical residues in CDKs, and binding of inhibitory proteins to specific cyclin-CDICs. 

Mundy, J., Hejgaard, J., Hansen, A., Hallgren, L., Jprgensen, K. Munck, L. (1986). Differential synthesis in vitro of barley aleurone and starchy endosperm proteins. Plant Physiology 81, 630-6. 

If during the hydroformylation of a racemic olefin more than one aldehyde is formed, an enantiomer-differentiating synthesis with formation of two (or more) optically active aldehydes can be obtained 14), even if the conversion is complete (Scheme 1, reaction 4, and Scheme 2). 

Okita, T., and Volcani, B. (1978). Role of silicon in diatom metabolism. IX. Differential synthesis of DNA polymerases and DNA binding proteins during silicate starvation and recovery in Cylin-drotheca fusiformis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 519, 76—86. 

Salvador, J.M., Hernandez, A., Beltram, A., Duran, R. and Mactutis, A. (1998). Fast Partial-Differential Synthesis of the Matching Polynomial of C72-ioo- J.Chem.InfComput.ScL, 38,1105-1110. 

Another type of regulation of processing involves choice of different sites of polyadenylation. One example is the differential synthesis of the hormone calcitonin in different tissues another is the synthesis of two forms of the heavy chain of immunoglobulins (Chapter 35). In both cases, the differential processing includes distinct patterns of intron excision (i.e., splicing), but they are necessitated by an earlier event in which differential poly(A) sites are selected from the primary transcript. That is, when the poly(A) site nearer the promoter is selected, a splice site used in the larger primary transcript is not present, so a different splice pattern results. Thus, slightly different proteins are synthesized. 

Although the three milkweed species produce different amounts of cis-vaccenate and palmitoleate vs. oleate and linoleate, the endogenous acyl-ACP desaturase activity does not fully account for the differential synthesis. Each of the milkweed species has similar specificity for 16 0 ACP vs. 18 0 ACP. Interactions of the products of desaturation with elongation enzyme systems and thioesterases are likely to be additional factors in driving production of cf5-vaccenate. 

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