Diethylene polycondensation with

Figure 17-9. Variation with time of the viscosity v (in 0.1 Pa s), the number-average degree of polymerization the extent of reaction p, and the branching coefficient in the p-toluene sulfonic-acid-catalyzed multifunctional polycondensation of diethylene glycol with a mixture of succinic acid and tricarballylic acid, ro = 1.002 xa = 0.404at 109° C gel = gel point. (After P. J. Flory.)...

Figure 17-5 shows the typical course of a polycondensation with gel formation for the example of the esterification of diethylene glycol with... 

Myrcene-maleic anhydride Diels-Alder adduct and the corresponding diacid have been used as mmiomers for the polycondensation with diethylene glycol, resulting in unsaturated polyesters. The polyesters exhibited air-drying properties on crosslinking with styrene [111]. 

The blend is partially crosslinked with a vinyl monomer when dissolved in an organic aprotic solvent and has a pH of 5.0 or lower. The first block copolymer is prepared by polycondensing a bis-hydroxyalkyl ether, such as dipropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and the like, with propylene oxide. Next, the resulting propoxylated diol is reacted with ethylene oxide to produce the block copolymer. The second copolymer is prepared by polycondensing 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol, commonly known as TRIS, with... 

Lipase CA catalyzed the polymerization of cyclic dicarbonates, cyclobis (hexamethylene carbonate) and cyclobis(diethylene glycol carbonate) to give the corresponding polycarbonates [105]. The enzymatic copolymerization of cyclobis(diethylene glycol carbonate) with DDL produced a random ester-carbonate copolymer. As to enzymatic synthesis of polycarbonates, reported were polycondensations of 1,3-propanediol divinyl dicarbonate with 1,3-propanediol [110], and of diphenyl carbonate with bisphenol-A [111]. 

Polymer was prepared as follows. Bis (/3-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (4/14 mole) reacted with terephthalic acid (TA) (3/14 mole) at 275°C using Sb203 as polycondensation catalyst. To the resulting polymer ([17] 0.41, COOH content 51.3 eq/10 g, and diethylene glycol content 0.60 mole %/TA) was added POC, followed by 15 minutes at high vacuum. 

Figure 13.7 Scheme outlining the polycondensation reaction between diethylene octane-1, 8-dicarboxylate and 1,4-butanedil undertaken in BMIM PF6. (Reproduced with permission from [85]. Copyright (2003) Elsevier). 

Preparation of thin films by interfacial polycondensation A typical procedure for preparation of a free-floating interfacial film was as follows. A 1 mM solution of 29 (R = COCl) in chloroform was added to a Petri dish, and an equal volume of 1 mM 29 (R = -OH) in pH 11 carbonate buffer was carefixlly layered on top. After 1-3 h reaction time, the aqueous layer was removed by pipet until the interfacial film breaks and folds over the retreating aqueous buffer solutions. The wet film is then deposited onto an appropriate substrate for subsequent analyses, wetted with 2-propanol, and allowed to air-dry overnight. The same technique provided polyporphyrin films made from 29 (R = COCl) and aliphatic polyamines such as ethylenediamine, diethylene-triamine and poly(ethyleneimine), although significantly shorter reaction times (several minutes) are sufficient and substantially thicker films result. 

Maleic anhydride adducts of anthracene and cyclopentadiene (Fig. 4) were used in the synthesis of UPRs and apphed directly during the polycondensation reaction of maleic anhydride with ethylene glycol or diethylene glycol (Table 7) [17]. 

Unsaturated poly(ester) resins are polycondensation products made from saturated and unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides with diols. They are cured by free radical polymerization using initiators, e.g., peroxides and accelerators. The double bonds of the poly(ester) chain react with the double bond of the copolymer-izable solvent monomer. The most important dicarboxylic acids are maleic anhydride, fumaric acid and terephthalic acid. The most frequently used diol is 1,2-propanediol, but ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol, inter alia, are also often used (20). 

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