Die platen

Figure 22 Cross section of Mooney viscometer dies, platens, and rotor.

The tensile strength of compacts [30] also provides useful information. Excellent specimens of square compacts are necessary to conduct the tensile testing. For this reason, a split die [31 ] (Fig. 2) is used to make compacts that are not flawed. The split die permits triaxial decompression, which relieves the stresses in the compact more uniformly in three dimensions and minimizes cracking. These specimens are then compressed with platens 0.4 times the width of the square compacts in the tensile testing apparatus. (Fig. 3). Occasionally nylon platens and side supports are used to reduce the tendency to fail in shear rather than tension. The force necessary to cause tensile failure (tensile forces are a maximum... 

The TS of the compacted samples was determined by transverse compression with a custom-built tensile tester. Tensile failure was observed for all the rectangular compacts when compressed between flat-faced platens at a speed ranging between 0.006 and 0.016 mm/sec. Platen speed was adjusted between materials to maintain a time constant of 15 2 seconds to account for viscoelastic differences the constant is the time between the sample break point and when the measured force equals Fbreak/e in the force versus time profile, where the denominator is the mathematical e. Specially modified punch and die sets permitted the formation of square compacts with a centrally located hole (0.11 cm diameter) that acted as a stress concentrator during tensile testing. This capability permitted the determination of a compromised compact TS and thus facilitated an assessment of the defect sensitivity of each compacted material. At least two replicate determinations were performed for each mechanical testing procedure and mean values are reported. 

G. H. Schubert, Die Symbolik des Traumes (Bamberg, 1814). Romantics influenced by it included ET.A. Hoffmann, Justinus Kemer, Platen and Hebbel. One of Schubert s later influential works was a two-volume history of the soul, published in 1830. Schubert also wrote travel books, biographies of religious men, pedagogical literature, including the introduction to E. F. von Kauffmann s new edition of Orbis pictus by J. A Comenius in 1841, and he also wrote fairy-tales and stories. 

The key requirements for an acceptable STI slurry include adequate removal rate (> 3000 A/min) on oxide, desirable selectivity of oxide over nitride (between 200 1 and 400 1), high planarization efficiency across the die regardless of the patterned density, low scratch count, and low particle residue. The typical operating downpressure for an STI process is 3-5 psi. The typical platen and carrier speeds of a rotary tool are 100 and 60 rpm, respectively. The... 

Different metal forming processes require different lubricants, for example, during compression of a workpiece between dies or platens such as in forging, coining and up-setting processes, any impact splashes out the liquid lubricant. Hence a solid lubricant is more effective, such as PTFE [82]. 

With die cutting this may be done by platen (intermittent process) whereby the web is stopped, or rotary (continuous motion). The latter process is considerably more expensive. 

Since the wafer- and die-level sources are deeply confounded, it is difficult to characterize the tool dependencies until these sources are decomposed. After application of variation decomposition techniques, the die-level variation can be analyzed for its pattern dependencies. Divecha et al. (1996) have shown that for similar polishing pad and processing conditions (e.g., platen speed, back/head pressure, and spindle speed) between the two tools, the die-level variation is similar and is... 

Moments before the operator restarted the press by pushing the start button on the control panel, the packer had stepped to Ae side of the press and leaned into the platen area to remove the debris from the back of the press. As the operator turned toward the press, she saw the packer trapped between the platen and the fixed die mounted surface. The packer died as a result of a fractured skull. 

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