Anthraquinone Dichloro

Dichloro-2-N-octyl-isothiazolin-3-one and 2-methylthio-4-tert-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-S-triazine or N,N-dimethyl-N -phenyl-N -fluorodichloromethylthio)sulfamide Anthraquinones Free halogen sources with 5,5-dimethylhydantoin,... 

Fig. 1.11 Dissociation ranges of colour indicators for determination of the acidity function H0 in H2S04-H20 mixtures (1) p-nitroaniline, (2) o-nitroaniline, (3) p-chloro-o-nitroaniline, (4) p-nitrodiphenylamine, (5) 2,4-dichloro-6-nitroaniline, (6) p-nitroazobenzene, (7) 2,6-dinitro-4-methylaniline, (8) benzalacetophenone, (9) 6-bromo-2,4-dinitroaniline, (10) anthraquinone, (11) 2,4,6-trinitroaniline. (According to L. P. Hammett and A. J. Deyrup)...

Dichloro-2,2 -dimethyl-1,1 -dianthraquinonyl can be synthesized by Friedel-Crafts reaction from phthalic anhydride and 2,6-dichlorotoluene. Subsequent cyclization of the resulting substituted benzoylbenzoic acid 102 in sulfuric acid affords the corresponding anthraquinone derivative 103, which is dimerized by Ullmann reaction ... 

V in both methanol and acetonitrile. These values, combined with the doping density and the band gap of 1.12 eV for p-Si places the conduction band edge in methanol and acetonitrile at -0.85V (vs SCE). The supraband edqe redox couples chosen for the two electrolytes were 1,3 dimethoxy-4-nitrobenzene (8,=-l -0V vs SCE)for methanol, and 1 nitronaphthalene (E0=-l. 08), 1, 2 dichloro 4-nitrobenzene (E0= -0.95), and anthraquinone (Eo=-0.95) for acetonitrile. These redox couples lie from 0.IV to 0.24V above the conduction band edge of p-Si, and hence, in the conventional model, could not be photoreduced by p-Si. 

B3. Anthraquinone, 1,5-dichloro-, and 1,5-dibromo-anthraquinone, 9-anthraldehyde, 9,10-dihydroanthracene, and 9,10-dihydro-1,2-5,6-dibenzanthracene. 

The more intensely colored 1,4-naphthoquinones with amino and/or hydroxyl groups in the 5- and 8-positions are analogous to the commercial anthraquinone dyes, but are generally more bathochromic [10], For example, 5-methylamino-1,4-naphthoquinone has Xmax 529 nm in cyclohexane, whereas 1-methylaminoanthraquinone has Xmax 495 nm. This is also true for the 5,8-disubstituted naphthoquinones, but this potential advantage has not proved of commercial significance, and few such compounds have been considered as textile dyes. An exception is 5-amino-2,3-dichloro-8-hydroxy-l,4-naphthoquinone (4) [68217-33-4], which has been claimed as a violet disperse dye for acetate fibers [14], Naphthazarin (1) is an example of a 5,8-disubstituted naphthoquinone of greater value as an intermediate than as a dyes. 

Clostridium thermoaceticum contains the so-called AMAPOR (artificial-media-tor-accepting pyridine-nucleotide oxidoreductases), which are useful for electro-microbial regeneration of all four forms of pyridine nucleotides, too. An NADP(H) dependent AMAPOR from C. thermoaceticum has been purified and characterized [104]. It is able to react with rather different artificial mediators such as viologens or quinones, for example 1,4-benzoquinone, anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate, or 2,6-dichloro-indophenol. 

DICHLORO-9,10-ANTHRAQUINONE see DEO750 p-DICHLOROARSmOANILINE HYDROCHLORIDE see AOR640... 

DEHYDROGENATION Anthraquinone. Chloranil. 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-l,4-benzoquinone. Diethyl azodicarboxylate. Manganese dioxide. Palladium catalysts. Potassium hydride. Palladium-on-carbon. N,N,N, N -Tetraincthylethylcnc diamine. Trifluoroacetic acid. 

Allylic oxidation, for example, of cyclohexene to 2-cyclohexenone, and oxidative cleavage of styrene to benzaldehyde are readily accomplished with oxygen such reaction systems contain ALhydrox3fphthalimide and l,4-diamino-2,3-dichloro-9,10-anthraquinone. Aldehydes are converted into carboxylic acids with Pd/C, KOH and catalytic amounts of NaBH4 in the air. Very similar conditions (K2CO3 instead of KOH) are described for oxidation of benzylic and allylic alcohols. ... 

Aminobenzenethiols and their salts react with anthraquinones yielding nap-hthophenothiazines. A number of substituted e Jo-12,17-o-phenylene-12,17-dihy-dro-naphtho[2,3-u]-l,4-benzothiazino[3,2 -c]phenothiazines and substituted endo-i, 13-o-phenylene-8,13-dihydro-6-chloro-7H-naphtho[2,3-a]phenothiazin-7-ones have been synthesized (83PS(17)85, 82IJC(B)695) by the condensation of endo-9, 0-o-phenylene-2,3-dichloro-9,l0-dihydro-1,4-anthraquinone with substituted 2-amino-thiophenol and their zinc mercaptides, respectively. 

Figure 2. The ionization ratio measured for a series of indicators plotted against the weight percent of sulfuric acid in the H2O—H2SO4 system. (Reprinted from Ref 12 with permission of the American Chemical Society.) 1 p-Nitroaniline, 2 o-nitroaniline, 3 4-chloro-2-nitroaniline, 4 p-nitrodiphenylamine, 5 2,4-dichloro-6-nitroaniline, 6 p-nitroazobenzene, 7 2,6-dinitro-4-metiiylaniline, 8 2,4-dinitroaniline, 9 A, A -dimethyl-2,4,6-trinitroaniline, 10 benzalacetophenone, 11 8-benzoylnaphthalene, 12 p-benzoyldiphenyl, 13 6-bromo-2,4-dinitroaniline, 14 anthraquinone, 15 2,4,6-trinitroaniline. (Reprinted fi-om Ref 12 with permission fi-om the American Chemical Society.)...

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