Diagnostic tools temperature distribution measurement

By measuring the retention volume of a solute, the distribution coefficient can be obtained. The distribution coefficient, determined over a range of temperatures, is often used to determine the thermodynamic properties of the system this will be discussed later. From a chromatography point of view, thermodynamic studies are also employed as a diagnostic tool to examine the actual nature of the distribution. The use of thermodynamics for this purpose will be a subject of discussion in the next chapter. It follows that the accurate measurement of (VV) can be extremely... 

Additionally, we seek diagnostic tools to understand how the fuel cell performance varies with the location in an individual fuel cell and between fuel cells in a stack. Spatial and cell-to-cell variations in current, temperature, reactant concenhation, and other parameters occur, especially at moderate to high currents and during load transients, and tools are needed which can measure or directly observe these effects. In an operating stack, the number of sensors are Umited due to various cost and size constraints, but laboratory diagnostics are very sophisticated. To understand distributed effects such as flooding in PEFCs or temperature distribution in SOFCs, direct visualization tools and sensors are... 

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