Device solar cells

Ahrenkiel, R. K. 1989. The effect of deep states on the photovoltaic performance of CdZnS/CuInSe2 thin film devices. Solar Cells 16 549-565. 

In this chapter, we intend to revise the most recent contributions to the aforementioned aspects of Pc research. We will describe how the versatile chemistry of Pcs makes possible the preparation of monofunctionalized macrocycles, mainly aimed at preparing multicomponent systems through reaction with other electroactive moieties. The controlled organization of Pcs in solution and the incorporation of these chromophores into macromolecular structures, as well as the preparation of mono-, bi-, and three-dimensional nanostructures, will be the object of study. Finally, some examples of Pc-based devices (solar cells, sensors, transistors, etc.) will also be given as an example of the real applicability of these molecules. 

Design and performance of capacitors, electro-optical devices, solar cells, and so forth... 

M. A. Shibib, Inclusion of degeneracy in the analysis of heavily doped regions in silicon solar cells and other semiconductor devices, Solar Cells 3 (1981) 81-85. 

Unlike many semiconductor devices, solar cells require production in large areas with high uniformity. The syndiesis of nanoparticles with controlled size distributions, chemical composition, and chemical termination is critical to produce large area, high efficiency photovoltaics. There are several nKthods of... 

The combination of favorable properties of PANI and TiO opens the possibility for various applications of PANI/TiO nanocomposite materials, such as piezoresistivity devices [41], electrochromic devices [99,118], photoelectrochemical devices [43,76], photovoltaic devices/solar cells [44,50,60,61,93,119], optoelectronic devices/UV detectors [115], catalysts [80], photocatalysts [52,63,74,75,78,84,87,97,104,107,121,122,125], photoelectrocatalysts [122,123], sensors [56,61,65,69,85,86,95,120,124], photoelectrochemical [110] and microbial fuel cells [71], supercapacitors [90,92,100,109,111], anode materials for lithium-ion batteries [101,102], materials for corrosion protection [82,113], microwave absorption materials [77,87,89], and electrorheological fluids [105,106]. In comparison with PANI, the covalently bonded PANI/TiO hybrids showed significant enhancement in optical contrast and coloration efficiency [99]. It was observed that the TiO nanodomains covalently bonded to PANI can act as electron acceptors, reducing the oxidation potential and band gap of PANI, thus improving the long-term electrochromic stability [99]. Colloidal... 

The aryl-aryl bond formation is the most important reaction in the synthesis of various polyaryl materials which possess valuable conducting properties. The polyaryls such as poly-p-phenylene (PPP), which by various doping procedures reach a conductive state, are in focus as a potential for use as electrode materials in light-weight rechargeable batteries, electrochemical cells, semi-conductor devices, solar cells, and in the several other possible electrochemical uses. Very comprehensive polyarene-chemistry and its practical applications are excellently rewieved by Takakazu Yamamoto [6]. 

Photoelectron spectroscopy, 19-29, 21-1-21-9 Photoinduced absorption, 5-9, 5-11, 5-13-5-19 Photolithography, 8-62-8-66 Photoluminescence quantum yield, 5-10 Photothermal effect, 7-5, 7-30-7-36, 7-40 Photothermal patterning, 7-35 Photovoltaic cell, 18-4 Photovoltaic cells, diodes, 19-1-19-2 Photovoltaic devices (solar cells) polymer blends, 4-11-4-13 fullerenes, 4-12... 

In addition to conventimial applications such as electrocatalysis, electronic devices, solar cells, and electrochromic windows, conducting... 

A fluorescent dye, perylenetetracarboxydiimide, (DBu-PEDI, Fig. 34) is known to possess valuable functionalities as organic photoelectric mutual conversion devices (solar cell [98,99] and electroluminescence [100]), layered organic photoconductive devices for electrophotography [101,102], and dye for... 

Applications - antistatics, environmental sensing devices, membranes, rechargeable batteries, semiconductor devices, solar cells ... 

Industrial Applications Organic photodetectors memory devices solar cells semiconductor film imaging method optical filters antireflection films as polymerization photoinitiators recording materi-... 

X. Aymerich-Humet, F. Serra-Mestres, and J. Millan, An analytical approximation for the Fermi-Dirac integral Fi/2(rf), Solid State Electron. 24 (1981) 981-982. M. A. Shibib, Inclusion of degeneracy in the analysis of heavily doped regions in silicon solar cells and other semiconductor devices. Solar Cells 3 (1981) 81-85. 

Organic/inorganic materials Energy device Solar cell, etc. [92]... 

Sic and a-Sl C, x H RS. ARE, CVD, Plasma CVD, RIBS High temperature High temperature semiconductor structural devices, solar cells applications, cutting tool hard coatings ... 

---