Detection of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Acute myeloid leukemia (AM L) is a neoplastic proliferation of myeloid hematopoietic stem cells or myeloid precursors including myeloblasts, monoblasts, erythroblasts and megakaryoblasts. According to the FAB classification, AML is classified into eight subtypes (M0-M7) depending on the cell type involved in the neoplastic process. 

M5a acute monoblastic leukemia M5b acute monocytic leukemia, acute erythroblastic leukemia, acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. 

Different cytogenetic abnormalities are found in many types of AML, w hich also include non-random chromosomal translocations specific for many AML subtypes and associated w ith different biological behavior and clinical outcome. The follow ing translocations are the most common specific genetic abnormalities associated w ith different AML subtypes  

This reciprocal translocation generates the transcriptionally active AMLl-ETO fusion transcript taking part in the regulation and maturation of the myelopoiesis. 

The presence of this translocation in AML predicts a good prognosis, good response to chemotherapy and long-term disease-free survival after adequate therapy. 

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