Evolution, designed

A. Schock, Design evolution and verification of the general purpose heat source. In Proc. o/15th Intersociety Energy Conv. and Eng. Con/., vol. 2, ASME, New York, 1980, pp. 1032 1042. 

This paper discusses these recent developments and outlines how tire machinery manufacturers have developed possible solutions to adequately meet the needs of the fast-paced new tire design evolutions. 

Petrounia, I.P. and Arnold, F.H. (2000) Designed evolution of enzymatic properties. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 11, 325-330. 

I.P. Petrounia and RH. Arnold Designed Evolution of Enzymatic Properties. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 11, 325 (2000). 

Cieus M, Ward TR. Designed evolution of artificial metalloenzymes protein catalysts made to order. Org Biomol Chem 2007 5 1835-1844. 

Humbert, C., Label Design Evolution Function and Structure of Label, New York Watson-Guptill Ihiblications (1972). 

Key words Allylic alkylation, Artificial metalloenzyme, Biotin-avidin technology, Chemogenetic optimization, Designed evolution, Enantioselective catalysis. Hybrid catalyst. Hydrogenation, Streptavidin, Transfer hydrogenation. 

Designed evolution incorporates the need for rational decisions on choices of scaffolds and elements to combine, followed by several rounds of screening to perfect those elements that cannot be predicted a priori. It is noteworthy that the reaction conditions, such as a requirement for high temperatures or extreme pH, may impose evolutionary restrictions on the protein scaffold and that for extensive screening it is preferable to start with an appropriately robust scaffold [45, 46]. Due to the number of possible combinations of protein hosts, it... 

Fig. 3 Chemical diversity generated by different spacers, ligands, and metals as applied in the chemogenetic designed evolution described herein...

Fig. 4 Starting with a subset of appropriate protein scaffolds and chemically diverse homogeneous catalysts, a chemogenetic diversity matrix can be used to screen for improved characteristics. Designed evolution consists of iterative rounds of screening and selection of the chemogenetic diversity that is introduced, at least partially, according to the structural information available...

Scheme 2 Summary of selected results of the asymmetric hydrogenation improved by designed evolution [36, 39]...

M. Creus, A. Pordea, T. Rossel, A. Sardo, C. Letondor, A. Ivanova, I. Le Trong, R. E. Stenkamp, T. R. Ward, X-ray structure and designed evolution of an artificial transfer hydro-genase, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 47, 1400-1404. 

A number of factors influence supply chain design, evolution, and performance. 

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